Praxis 2 (Art: Content Knowledge 5134 Exam) 2024 - Art Making Section 1

What are the "Seven Elements of Art?"

color, form, line, shape, space, texture, and value

Colors

Opposite of each other on the color wheel.

Texture

How something "feels" or "appears to feel."

Shapes

Categorized as "geometric" or "organic."

Form

Used in "three-dimensional art" such as sculptures.

Which of the following terms refer to the use of distortion to create the illusion of an object extending into space?

Foreshortening

A "triad" on a color wheel can be described as

Three colors equally spaced apart

In the work shown above, Ernst anticipated and manipulated which of the following "postmodern" design principles to " convey a sense of irrational and the illogical?"

A. Gazing

B. Hybridity

C. Appropriation

D. Juxtaposition

D. Juxtaposition

What is most "reasonable" action to take for an artist whose work "requires" the use of a specific hazardous product?

Reading the product's label and proceeding according to the label directions.

In "storing" printmaking supplies, it is important to store which of the following materials "separately" from the others?

A. Acetic Acid

B. Rosin Powder

C. Nitric Acid

D. Solvents

C. Nitric Acid

What is the "characteristic" of a gesture drawing?

Action and Movement

A "hard-edge painting" is mostly likely to be characterized by...

An even, solid paint application

Which of the following terms refers to the process of using "thick applications of paint?"

A. Scumbling

B. Alla Prima

C. Impasto

D. Frottage

C. Impasto

What accurately describes a "JPEG compressed digital photograph?"

A JPEG format compresses file size by selectively discarding data.

Which of the following "digital camera settings" can be used to "keep colors accurate" under a variety of light conditions?

A. White Balance

B. Aperture

C. ISO Speed

D. Shutter Speed

A. White Balance

The term that best describes an artwork that "incorporates theatrical elements" such as body, movement, audience participation, music, and projected images is...

Performance Art

Which of following terms refers to "pottery" that has "not been bisque fired?"

A. Raku

B. Greenware

C. Terracotta

D. Stoneware

B. Greenware

Which of the following "tools" is LEAST likely to be used in the process of "creating wood sculpture?"

A. A Rasp

B. A Gouge

C. A Lathe

D. An Extruder

D. An Extruder

In weaving, the "vertical" & "horizonal" threads in a loom are called the...

Warp and Weft

"Fragile" works of sculpture can be displayed most securely by placing the works...

In a glass-paneled cases

Foreshortening

Representation of any object on a "two-dimensional surface" in such a way that the object appears to advance or recede.

Juxtaposition

Refers to the use of "unrelated images", materials, etc. "To create a new image."

Hard-Edge

An area of paint is "sharply defined" and "applied in a smooth way", without visible brushstrokes or other signs of gesture.

Impasto

Refers to "thick applications" of paint to a surface.

White Balance

Refers to the way the camera compensates for variations in light to "keep colors constant."

Bisque

Refers to preliminary firing that is "done" to harden the piece "prior to glazing and glaze firing."

Line

Used to "define a shape", and it is the "path between two points."

Space

Refers to the "foreground, middle ground, and background" of an artwork.

Value

The "lightness or darkness" of a color.

What are the Principles of Design?

Balance, contrast, emphasis, movement, pattern, rhythm, and unity.

Balance

How an artwork's "visual weight is organized." This can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.

Contrast

When an artwork's elements are "juxtaposed against each other to create interesting differences."

Movement

Using elements to "lead the viewer" throughout the piece.

Emphasis

To create a "focal point" in the artwork by using a bold color, asymmetrical balance, or a strong contrast.

Pattern

"Repeating" elements in the same order.

Rhythm

Repeating elements "without" a specific order.

Unity

"Harmony" throughout the artwork is created by elements working together.

What "Elements of Art" did the artist "Piet Mondrian" used in his painting "Composition with Red, Yellow, and Blue (1927)?"

Color, line, and shape

What "Elements of Art" did the artist "Emilia Glaser" use in her sculpture called "Embrace IV?"

Color, value, shape, line, and texture.

What "Principles of Design" did the artist Van Gogh use in his painting "The Starry Night?"

Contrast. Emphasis, Balance, and Movement.

What "Principles of Design" did the artists Claes Oldenburg and Coosje Van Bruggen use in their sculpture "Screwarch" (1978-1984)?

Contrast, Movement, Balance, and Pattern.

Examples of "Texture" on rough bark, smooth petals, or gritty sand are called

Organic Shapes

Examples of "Color & Value" can be found in landscapes, plants, trees, and rocks are called

Organic Shapes

Composition

How an artwork is "organized", and the principles of design help an artist decide "how to arrange" the elements of art in their artwork.

The Ages of "Drawing."

1. Cave Walls (Egypt)

2. Paintings (Middle Age)

3. Art Form (Renaissance)

4. Free-Flowing (Baroque)

Charcoal

Early drawing material made from "slowly burned wood."

Red Chalk

Made from "iron oxide" pigment and "refine clay."

Black Chalk

Carbonaceous shale, and it is "softer" than red chalk.

White Chalk

"Calcium carbonate or soapstone." To use for highlights on drawings.

Conte Crayons

They are made in red, black, and white. They are "harder than chalk and produce smoother lines."

Graphite

A form of "carbon." Cut into strips and encased in wood for pencils.

Ink

A "liquid pigment" that can be used with a pen or a brush.

Pens

First made with "bird feathers (quills)" and "reeds", and later they were created with "metal tips."

Pencils

Made from graphite encased in wood.

Tortillon

A piece of paper wrapped tightly, ending in a point that can be "used to blend pencil and charcoal."

Parchment

Created from animal skin.

Paper

Comes in hot-pressed and cold-pressed surfaces.

Contour Drawing

Seeks to define the "outline" of an object."

Blind Contour

Drawing is used by an artist to "practice sketching and perception."

Gesture Drawing

A technique used to "quickly capture" the "action" and "form" of a model or subject.

Perspective Drawing

A drawing technique that shows "spatial relationships" and the "illusion of space on a flat surface."

Two-point Perspective

The scene receding into two points on the horizon.

Hatching

A technique that uses closely placed "parallel lines to create shading and tones."

Crosshatching

Creating heavier shades and tones.

Shading

Adds depth and form to an artwork.

Critiquing

To describe, analyze, interpret, and judge it.

Oil Painting

Made from a pigment suspended in a drying oil.

Watercolor

Created by adding pigment to a gum "Arabic" binder.

Who was "one of the earliest" watercolor painter in the 1500's?

Albrecht Duner

Egg Tempera

Created by adding pigment to egg yolk

What material is used on "Egg Tempera?"

"Stiff surfaces" such as wood panels or Masonite.

Gouache

An "opaque medium" with characteristics "similar to watercolor."

What is "Gouache" commonly used for?

Used for graphite arts including "illustrations", comics, posters, and animation.

Paintbrushes

"Used for oils and acrylic" generally have a more extended handle than watercolor brushes.

Drying Oils

Such as "linseed" and "poppy oil." This can be added to oil paints to "decrease drying times" and thin consistency.

Primer

A "based" on painting is commonly used with oil and acrylic paint.

Gesso

A "primer-based," water-based white paint mixture prepares the support.

Masking Fluid

To cover areas of the paper that are needed to "stay white for highlights."

Palette

Used to organized and mix colors for a painting.

True or False. Does "Oil paint" dry longer than acrylic paint?

True.

True or False. Does "Acrylic Paint" dry faster than oil paint?

True.

True or False. Do artist use "wood" as a canvas for oil and acrylic paint?

True.

Can you use "acrylic paint" on top of "oil paint?"

No

What "Primer" do artists use before they paint on a "wooden canvas" when using oil and acrylic paints?

Gesso

True or False. Oil paint is used on paper.

False

True or False. Watercolor and Acrylic paint can be used on paper.

True.

Glazing

A technique used with oil paints to "layer transparent colors over a dried opaque color."

Dry Brush

A technique used with "water-based" and "oil-based paints."

Sgraffito

A " scratching " technique through a layer of paint reveals the layer or surface.

Wet-on-Wet

A watercolor technique in which the "artist paints onto already-wet paper."

Wash

A technique of "adding a large area of color" to the watercolor painting.

Flat Wash

A large area of one color.

Graded Wash

Goes from one color gradually to white or another color.

Plein Air

A painting technique that entails "painting outdoors."

Alla Prima

A painting technique that entails painting "wet oil onto wet oil layers" that have not been allowed to dry.

Trompe L'oeil

A painting technique that means "to deceive the eye" in French.

Di Sotto Sue

"From Below, Upward." This means foreshortening and realistic depictions to create the illusion of more space around the viewer.

What painting technique did Vincent Van Gogh use for "Wheatfield with Crows? (1890)

Used brushstrokes with a "sense of movement" and impasto.

Which "perspective" did Leonardo Da Vinci use in the "The Last Supper?" (1495-1496)

One-point perspective

Apprentice

Someone who learned to be an artist by working under a master artist.