biochemistry

What element must be present for a compound to be considered "living"?

Carbon

Even though CO2 contains carbon, it is considered ????? because it is an exception to the rule and it is non-living.

inorganic

What is the energy molecule we use in our bodies?

Carbohydrates

What is the monomer for proteins?

Amino Acids

What are examples of monosaccharides (excluding food examples?)

Glucose, fructose, galactose

What are examples of disaccharides (excluding food examples?)

Sucrose, lactose, maltose

What are examples of polysaccharides (excluding food examples?)

Starch, cellulose, glycogen, chitin

Explain the relationship between monomers and polymers.

monomers bond together through dehydration (condensation) reaction to form polymers

Why do humans need glucose?

to provide us with energy needed to carry out everyday functions

In what types of cells is glycogen stored?

animal cells

What is the chemical formula for monosaccharides?

C6H12O6

What is the chemical formula for Disaccharides?

C12H24O12

On which part of the enzyme does the substrate attach?

active site

What 2 parts make up a phospholipid?

glycerol, fatty acid tails

What are the functions of lipids?

long term energy storage, chemical messengers & makes up cell membrane

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

DNA stores genetic information and RNA sends messages from DNA to make proteins

What is a nucleotide made up of?

nitrogen base, 5-carbon (pentose) sugar, phosphate group

What macromolecule contains peptide bonds instead of covalent bonds?

proteins