Neuroscience and Behavior

Neurons

Neuron

cells in the nervous system that communicate with one another to perform information-processing tasks

Cell Body (SOMA)

coordinates information-processing tasks and keeps the cell alive

Dendrites

receives information from other neurons and relays it to the cell body

Axon

transmits information to other neurons, muscles, or glands

Myelin sheath

insulating layer of fatty material

Nodes of Ranvier

In between the Myelin sheath, increase efficiency of signal transmission

Synapse

the junction or region between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites or cell body of another

Sensory Neurons

TO BRAIN

receive information from the external world >

travel through spinal cord > convey to brain

Motor Neurons

TO BODY

spinal cord > to the muscles > induce movement

Interneurons

neurons that connect sensory neurons, motor neurons, or other interneurons