Paired-Samples t Test Overview

These flashcards cover the key concepts and procedures related to the Paired-Samples t Test as presented in the provided lecture notes.

The paired-samples t test is used to compare __ for a within-group design.

2 means.

In a paired-samples t test, each participant experiences __ conditions.

the two.

An example of a paired-samples t test is measuring satisfaction levels with and without __.

tacos.

The main difference between a paired-samples t test and a single-sample t test is that we are comparing the __ from our sample to the mean change according to the null hypothesis.

mean change.

The goal of the distribution of mean differences is to create a __ that we can compare our sample data to.

null distribution.

The first step in conducting a paired-samples t test is to identify the populations, distribution, and __.

assumptions.

In the case study by Chan and Yanos (2018), participants recalled details of a news article just after reading it and again __ later.

one week.

The null hypothesis states that the mean level of belief that mental illness caused violence will __ for immediate recall and one week later.

be the same.

The mean difference for steps in the Paired-Samples t test is calculated by gathering information needed for our __ formula.

comparison distribution.

To determine critical values for a paired-samples t test with an alpha level of 0.05 and 4 degrees of freedom, the values are __.

-2.776 and 2.776.

The test statistic in a paired-samples t test can be calculated using the formula __.

t = (M - μM) / SM.

To make a decision in the paired-samples t test, we look at where the calculated t falls in relation to the critical values to determine if we should __ the null hypothesis.

reject.

Confidence intervals for paired-samples t tests require that you draw a picture of the t distribution and indicate the __ of the CI on the drawing.

bounds.

Cohen's d for effect size in paired-samples t tests is calculated using the formula __.

Cohen's d = (M - μ) / s.

A consideration during repeated measures is the potential effects of factors like time passage, practice, and __ during later trials.

fatigue.

Counterbalancing can help reduce __ effects by distributing them across conditions.

order.

The mean difference in a paired-samples t test can be observed as the difference in scores between conditions for each __.

participant.

The null hypothesis for Chan and Yanos (2018) states that the mean beliefs about mental illness and violence will __ between two time periods.

not differ.