Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs

Classification of sedative-hypnotic drugs

CNS depressants that alter the level of consciousness.

Appearance of a patient on sedative-hypnotics

May appear drowsy, peaceful, or intoxicated.

Common practice to boost sedative-hypnotic effects

Users often take alcohol or an opioid at the same time.

Possible scene for sedative-hypnotic overdose

An attempted suicide where the patient has taken large quantities.

Effect of a large sedative-hypnotic overdose

Marked respiratory depression and possible coma.

Illicit use of sedative-hypnotics like chloral hydrate

Given as a “knock-out” drink to incapacitate someone without their knowledge.

Characteristics of date rape/club drugs (eg, Rohypnol, ketamine)

Often colorless, tasteless, and odorless.

Treatment for sedative-hypnotic overdose with respiratory depression

Ensure the airway is patent, assist ventilations, provide prompt transport, give supplemental oxygen when appropriate, and closely monitor the patient’s mental status.

Method to attempt stimulation in a sedative-hypnotic overdose

You may attempt to stimulate the person by speaking loudly or gently shaking him or her.

Precaution during treatment for sedative-hypnotic overdose

Watch for vomiting