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The Revolt of the Netherlands
A historical event where the Dutch provinces rebelled against Spanish rule, leading to the creation of a republic after a long civil war.
Calvinism
A Protestant branch of Christianity that played a significant role in the Dutch Revolt, with Calvinist ministers stirring up anti-Hapsburg sentiments.
William the Silent
Also known as the Prince of Orange, he was a key leader of the Dutch Revolt from 1567-1584, known for his courage, patriotism, and efforts to unify the Netherlands.
Spanish Inquisition
A brutal campaign by Philip II to rid the Netherlands of Protestants, leading to widespread persecution and resistance.
Treaty of Nonsuch
A treaty in 1585 that bankrupted Queen Elizabeth I of England due to her support for the Dutch rebels against Spanish rule.
Sea Beggars
Dutch rebels who captured ports with commando raids in 1572, providing a base for resistance against the Spanish forces.
Union of Brussels
A coalition formed in 1577 by Dutch provinces to fight against Philip II of Spain until their privileges were restored and Spanish troops were withdrawn.
Duke of Parma
Philip II's ablest general who won victories in the southern Netherlands, leading to the formation of the Union of Arras in 1579.
Union of Utrecht
Created by William of Orange in response to the Union of Arras, it united the seven northern provinces of the Netherlands and became Calvinist.
United Provinces
The name adopted by the States General after deposing Philip II as their prince, declaring independence and forming the Dutch Republic by 1581.
Maurice of Nassau
Introduced new military tactics in the Dutch army, including the formation of Dutch Battalions and the volley fire technique.
Calvinism
Became the established church in the Netherlands, offering salvation to the righteous and leading to the inheritance of wealth from the Catholic Church.
