Biology 11

Embryology

the study of the development of an organism in the early stages of life

What does DNA stand for?

deoxyribonucleic acid

Genes

special segments of DNA that code for specific protein

What are the 4 DNA bases?

adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine

What bases are double ring and what are they called?

adenine and guanine (category: purines)

What are the bases for single ringed and what are they called? 

cytosine and thymine (category: pyrimidines) 

Which bases pair well with which? 

adenine + thymine / cytosine + guanine 

Homologous structures  

kinship can be seen when looking at body parts that share the same basic underlying structure 

Biochemical relationships

more closely related organisms will show greater similarities in DNA and protein composition

What do prokaryote cell wall contain? 

contains amino sugar + muramic acid 

Some features of prokaryotes 

all unicellular, lack membrane, bound organelles, very small, DNA not associated with proteins

List 5 roles of prokaryotes 

photosynthetic, pathogens, chemo synth, decomposers, and nitrogen fixers

What are the 5 kingdoms?

monera, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

What is the fossil record?

provides direct evidence of change through time, showing adaptive radiation, extinction

Where does cellular belong? 

archaea 

Where does multicellular belong?

animalia / plantae / fungi

Where does organelle belong?

none

Where does cell wall composition belong? 

protista / fungi / plantae / animalia 

What are the 5 biological classification?

binomial nomenclature, taxonomy, taxon, species, genus