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Etiology
The study of the causes or origins of a disorder or condition.
DSM-4
Lifelong or primary vaginismus:
inability to have sexual intercourse despite the desire to do so, with the need to rule out a physical cause.
Biopsychosocial factors
Various factors contributing to vaginismus, including psychosexual (anxiety, sexual abuse), biomedical (hormonal, pelvic floor muscles), cognitive/emotional (fear, disgust, avoidance), and interpersonal (intimacy, emotional expression) aspects.
FAM model of vaginismus
Fear Avoidance Model explaining how fear and stress can increase tension in the pelvic floor muscles, leading to avoidant behaviors in individuals with vaginismus.
