chem 7

octet rule

atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to acquire eight valence electrons

chemical bond

the force that holds two atoms together

cation

postively charged ion

anion

negatively charged ion

compound

a chemical combination of two or more different elements

ionic bond

the electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound

ionic compound

compounds that contain ionic bonds

crystal lattice

three dimensional geometric arrangement

electrolyte

an ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current

lattice energy

the energy required to separate 1 mol of the ions of an ionic compound

nonmetal

an element thta is generally a gas or a dull, brittle solid and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity

formula unit

the chemical formula for an ionic compound which represent the simplest ratio of the ions involved

monatomic ion

a one-atom ion

polyatomic ion

ions made up of more than one atom

oxyanion

polyatomic ion composed of an element, usually a nonmetal, bonded to one or more oxygen atoms

physical property

a characteristic of matter tht can be observed or measured without altering the sample's composition

electron sea model

proposes that all the metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a "sea" of electrons

delocalized electron

electrons present in the outer energy levels of the bonding metallic atoms are not held by any specific atom and can move easily from one atom to the next

metallic bond

the attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons

alloy

mixture of elements that has metallic properties

oxidation number

the positive or negative charge of a monatomic ion