🏥Drug Distribution Systems🏥

Pharmacy-related issues led to the creation of what

American Hospital Association (AHA)

What did AHA create

A committee of pharmacy

When was ASHP founded

1942

What book reported the results of audit of pharmaceutical services in hospitals

Mirror to hospital pharmacy

What did the mirror of hospital pharmacy include

Recommendations to enhance development of hospital pharmacies

When did mirror to hospital pharmacy get published

1964

How many recommendations did mirror to hospital pharmacy make

85

What are some of the recommendation categories made

• direct professional functions

• Advisory and teaching

• Facilities

• Administration

• Role of professional societies

What did these recommendations provide

Vision for the profession

What is the Hilton Head conference

Purpose was to evaluate progress of implementing clinical pharmacy into hospital practice

What resulted from the Hilton head conference

• clinical pharmacy is not separate from pharmacy as a whole

• Pharmacies main purpose is responsibility for safe and effective drug use

• Pharmacy should continue to have responsibility for drug distribution

What are the 4 major themes according to William Zellmer

1. pharmacists must be in charge of drug product acquisition, distribution and control

2. Major role in patient safety

3. Promoting rational drug therapy

4. Fostering optimal patient outcomes

Steps in drug distribution

1. Ordering

2. Transcribing

3. Dispensing

4. Administering

5. Monitoring/evaluation

Which step involves clinical decision making, drug choice and regimen selection, medical record documentation, and placing the order

Ordering

True or false: pharmacists can order medications

True

What does CPOE stand for

Computerized provider order entry

What step gets the complete and accurate order where it needs to go

Transcribing

What step is characterized by these components:

Order sent to appropriate location and received

Verification that a order is complete

Interpretation of order/screening for appropriateness

Transcribing

What is the benefit of EMR

Not having to interpret handwriting, process more efficient and less prone to errors

What step is described:

Drug procurement

Pharmacist review

Drug preparation and distribution

Dispensing

Pharmacy is responsible for what in drug procurement

1. Acquiring medications

2. Managing inventory

3. Medication storage and control

Pharmacist review should be ______

Prospective

What is centralized drug distribution

Medications dispensed from main pharmacy to patient care units

What is decentralized drug distribution

Medications dispensed directly to health care professional responsible for administration

Examples of centralized drug distribution

Tube systems and cart fill

Examples of decentralized drug distribution

Satellite pharmacies, automated dispensing cabinets, and floor stock

What are the major components of the administration step

• final drug prep for administration

• Nurse verification of order

• Drug administration

• Documentation in MAR

Major components of monitoring step

• evaluating for therapeutic effect

• Evaluation for ADR

• Review lab results and clinical status

• Safety reporting

What does MUE stand for

Medication use evaluation

What does ASHP’s minimum standard for pharmacies in hospitals describe

Minimum level of services pharmacies should consistently provide