9: ANIMAL BEHAVIOR

innate behavior

does not require learning or environmental input to develop

kinesis

nondirectional response to a stimulus

taxis

directional response to stimulus

phototaxis: light

chemotaxis: chemical

positive taxis: toward

negative taxis: away

learned behavior

acquired or modified later in life by various experiences

learning

acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge about the world and modifying behavior

non associative learning

behavioral changes from particular stimulus not associated with other stimuli

habituation

production of a decreased response after repeated exposure to a particular stimulus

fatigue

response to stimulus decreases due to physical or mental exhaustion

sensitization

repeated exposure to the same stimulus produces a heightened response

associative learning

linking unrelated stimuli to a response

conditioned reflex

associative learning; an animal learns to produce a response to an artificial stimulus when it is paired with a normal stimulus

pillbugs

moist environments

negative phototaxis

planaria

negative phototaxis

positive chemotaxis

planaria habituates to water drops

brine shrimp

positive phototaxis