Purdue Chem 115 Exam 1

What does the X represent

Atomic Symbol

What does the A represent

Mass Number

What does the Z represent

Atomic number

law of concervation of mass

the law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes

horizontal on periodic table

periods

vertical on periodic table

groups

What are Ionic compounds made of

metal and nonmetal

What are covalent compounds made of

nonmetal and nonmetal

Describe ionic compounds melt/boil temps

high

describe covalent compounds melt/boil point

low

What are ionic compounds soluble and not soluble in

soluble in water, not soluble in non-polar

What are covalent compounds soluble and not soluble in

soluble in non-polar, not soluble in water

Beta charge

negatively charged

Gamma ray charge

no charge

Alpa charge

positively charged

Can you change mass number or atomic number

mass number

What causes isotopes

different number of neutrons

atomic mass unit

amu

what is an amu

1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom

groups have

similar chemical properties

where are the metals located on the periodic table

lower section, mid section, left side

where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table

right side, H

where are the metalloids located on the periodic table

staircase

properties of metalloids

have properties of metals and nonmetals

group 1 name

alkali metals

group 2 name

alkaline earth metals

group 17 name

Halogens

group 18 name

noble gases

group 16 name

Oxygen Family

how to tell if it is ionic

transfer of electrons

how to tell if it is covalent

sharing of electrons

cation

metal, loses, positive charge

anion

nonmetal, gains, negative charge

monatomic ion

an ion formed from a single atom

Coulomb's Law

attraction and repulsion is proportional to product of charges and inversely proportional to the distance between them

as you go up the left side of the periodic table

the attraction goes up and the size goes down

as you go from left to right on the periodic table

the attraction goes up and the charge goes up

do metals lose or gain ions

lose

do non metals lose or gain ions

gain

atomic number will always be _____ than the atomic mass

smaller

What kind of compound is water

polar covalent

molecular mass

average mass of a molecule

molar mass

mass per mole of a substance

what is avogadro's number

6.022 x 10^23

what is avogadro's number equal to

1 mole

mols x avocado =

molecules

atoms / avocado x mm =

grams

grams / a mass =

moles

grams / mm x avocado =

atoms

what make nuclear reactions different than chemical

atoms change identity, massive energy reactions

what decay penetrates the most

gamma rays

what decay penetrates the least

alpha

What does an alpha decay look like

4,2He

what does a beta decay look like

0,-1E

what does a gamma ray (y) look like

not charge lost or gained, it is a photon

What doe neutron decay look like

1,0N

when balancing nuclear equations

make sure the mass number and atomic number balance on both sides

When n:p is 100:5

there are too many N, this causes the number of protons to increase through a beta decay, it is above the band of stability

when n:p is 5:100

there are too many P, this causes the number of n to increase AND/OR for the number of p to decrease through electron capture and Beta+ emission

When it is above the band of stability...

it is too heavy and must lose weight by getting rid of H particle

**What does beta decay do

increase protons

Protons and neutrons are held together by

strong forces

ratio of n:p determines

stability

all elements above bi are

unstable

isotopes show ____ properties

identical

how to find k

1/2t = 0.693 / k

how to solve for half lives

ln(no/nt) = kt

what is the E in E=mc2

energy (j)

what is E=mc2

Einstein's mass-energy equivalence equation

fission

fusion