(Tomorrow 9/26/25) Java Ch.1 pt. 1
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33 Terms
A computer consists of …
Central Processing Unit
Memory
Storage
Input Devices
Output Devices
Communication Devices
What is a CPU?
The central brain of the computer.
The CPU receives instructions from…
Memory
Clock speed is measured in …
Hertz (Hz)
One hertz is…
One pulse per second
Modern computers measure clock speed in…
Gigahertz (GHz)
What is memory?
Units for storing data and program instructions for the CPU to execute.
A memory unit is…
An ordered sequence of bytes.
Each byte holds … bits
8
Before a program and it’s data can be executed, they must be brought to…
memory
A memory byte is never…
Empty
When new information is place in a byte, the old information is…
Lost
What are the stable states of digital devices?
0 and 1
How many bytes are required to store a character or numerical digit?
One
Can two data split and share the same byte?
No
When memory is powered off, information is…
Lost
Storage
Devices on a computer that permanently store information
When is information moved from storage to memory?
Only when the computer is using the information
What factors effect the quality of a display?
Resolution and dot pitch
Pixels
Tiny dots on the screen that form an image
Dot pitch
The amount of space between pixels
Data transfer is measured in…
Bits per second (bps)
Regular modem
A communication device that uses a phone line to transmit data slowly.
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line. Uses a phone line and transmits data 20x faster than a regular modem.
Cable modem
A communication device that uses a TV cable line to transmit data at the same speed as DSL
NIC
Network Interface Card. A device that connects a computer to a LAN.
LAN
Local Area Network.
What is a program?
Instructions to the computer
Machine Language
A set of primitive instructions built into every computer, written in binary code
Assembly language
A language that can be translated directly into machine code by an assembler
High-level language
English-like programming languages that are easier to read and write than machine or assembly languages
Source code
Typically a program written in a high-level language
To be executed, source code must be…
Translated into machine code