SCIENCE: NERVOUS SYSTEM

3rd QT

Nervous system

responsible for your quick reaction — connects all your body parts by transmitting signals

Sensory, integrative, and motor

The three basic functions of the Nervous system

the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral nervous system

The nervous system is divided into the _____ and the _____

Central Nervous System

serves as the processing area — composed of the Brain and the Spinal Chord

Brain

processes and interprets the signals transmitted to it.

Spinal cord

serves as the connection from the brain to the rest of the body

Somatic and the Autonomic nervous system

The Peripheral nervous system is divided into the _____ and the _____

Somatic Nervous system

part of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles and processes sensory information from the skin, muscles, and joints

Motor nerves

connect to the skeletal muscles that function voluntarily

Spinal nerves

connect the central nervous system to other parts such as the sensory receptor, muscles, and body glands.

Cranial nerves

located in the brain — responsible for functions such as smell, sight, chewing, taste, hearing, movement, eyes, etc.

Autonomic Nervous System

regulates the smooth and cardiac muscles as well as other glands.

Sympathethic nervous system

Activated during physical or emotional stress. can also be stimulated whenever we feel fear/embarrassment/anger.

Parasympathethic nervous system

functions whenever the body is at rest and recovery. — body conserves and restores energy

Left hemisphere

controls skills like speaking, writing, numerical, and scientific skills.

Right hemisphere

controls spatial intelligence, pattern and face recognition, as well as musical ability.

Frontal lobe

controls some voluntary motor functions like different moods, and sense of smell

Parietal lobe

controls most of the senses such as touch and taste — also pain, temp and balance.

Occipital lobe

controls the sense of sight

Temporal lobe

controls the sense of smell and hearing; has a role in memory

Cerebrum

largest part of the brain — controls your ability to read, write, and speak. also regulates body posture and balance.

Cerebellum

helps in the smooth coordination of skeletal muscle contractions

Brain stem

connects the brain and the spinal chord — consists of three regions: Medulla oblongata, midbrain, pons

Neuron

aka nerve cell. has the ability to change a stimulus to an impulse 

stimulus

is a change in the environment that causes on to initiate and impulse

Cell body

contains the nucleus and other cell organelles

Dendrites

receiving parts of the neruon

Axon

transmits impulses to another neuron

Sensory neurons

also known as the AFFERENT neurons — receive stimuli and transmit them

Motor neurons

also known as the EFFERENT neurons — carry the impulse away from the CNS

Relay neurons or Interneurons

also called ASSOCIATION neurons — responsible for processing the sensory information

Neuroglia

also called glia/cells, found in the CNS — connects the nervous tissues together