homework unit 2

True or false all prokaryotic organisms from a monophyletic group.

false

Peptidoglycan is found in

in bacterial cell wall but not in archeal cell walls, and in grater quantities in gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative bacteria

Taxis refers to an organisms ability to

move in responses to a heterogeneous environment

Sexual reproduction in eukaryotes increases genetic variation. In prokaryotes, transformation, transduction, and conjugation are mechanisms that increase genetic variation. A fundamental difference between the generations of genetic variation in the two domains is:

Eukaryotic genetic variation occurs with vertical gene transfer from parent to offspring, while prokaryotic genetic variation occurs between two already existing cells with horizontal gene transfer.

Which of the following traits do archaeans and bacteria share?

lack of a nuclear envelope and presence of plasma membrane

In our current understanding of the classification of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, Protists are_______.

an informal group with members from all major lineages of eukaryotes

The SAR clade is united by what feature

DNA similarities

Unikonta is a supergroup that includes all of the following except _____.

plants

Branching points at the root of the eukaryotic phylogenetic tree ______.

are presently unclear

Embryophytes are ________.

land plants

Embryophytes can be charicterised by which of these shard derived features?

Apical meristems, Multicellular, dependent embryos, Walled spores

Which of the following is not functionally important in the cells of the gametophytes of both angiosperms and gymnosperms?

plastids

In addition to seeds, which of the following characteristics is unique to the seed-producing plants?

pollen

The closest relatives of the familiar pine and spruce trees (Gymnosperms) are _____.

elms, maples, and other Angiosperms

in onions (Allium; an angiosperm), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus.  How many chromosomes should be in an endosperm nucleus?

24

Which of the following statements about fungi is most accurate.

Many fungi provide essential ecosystems services in the role of decomposers and mutualists.

Which of the follow sets of characters best describes what we think the most recent common ancestor of all fungi was like?

Aquatic, unicellular flagellate.

Plasmogamy can directly result in which of the following?

A heterokaryotic cells