Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Vocabulary flashcards covering the basics of cell division, durations across different organisms, and the specific stages of the cell cycle.

Zygote

The single cell from which all sexually reproducing organisms start their life.

Cell Cycle Processes

Includes organelle duplication, DNA replication, cell growth, and cell division, all of which are highly coordinated and genetically controlled.

E.coli cell cycle duration

$$20\,\text{mins}$$

Yeast cell cycle duration

$$90\,\text{mins}$$

Human cell (in culture) cycle duration

$$24\,\text{hrs}$$

Heart cells and Neurons

Specific types of cells that do not divide.

Lining of Stomach cycle duration

$3$-$4\,\text{days}$

M-phase (Succession definition)

The phase between two successive I-phases.

Interphase (Succession definition)

The phase between two successive M-phases.

Nucleocytoplasmic ratio

A ratio that, when disturbed, triggers the cell to divide to restore it.

Cytoplasmic growth

A process in the cell cycle that occurs continuously.

Interphase (Overview)

The preparation or resting phase that takes up $>95\%$ of the cell cycle time, where cell growth and organelle/DNA duplication occur.

Interphase stages

Divided into $G_1 \rightarrow S \rightarrow G_2$ phases.

M-phase/Mitosis (Overview)

The most dramatic phase of the cell cycle, taking up $<5\%$ of the time.

M-phase components

Divided into karyokinesis and cytokinesis.