lab 8: the skull

The bones of the skull are held together by ____ called sutures, which ossify during _____.

strong fibrous joints, post-natal development

what process creates the "jagged lines" between articulating bones.

the process of sutures forming

what are the cranial base bones

• Ethmoid, sphenoid, temporal, occipital

what are teh structures of the ethmoid bone

cribiform plate, ethmoid sinuses, superior and middle nasal conchae

what are the structures of the sphenoid bone

optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, sphenoid sinus, hypophyseal fossa, pterygoid process

what are the structures of the temporal bone

internal acousic meatus, cartoid canal, mastoid process, eternal acoustic meatus, styloid process, stylomastiud foramen, mandibular fossa

what are the structures in the occipital bone

foramen magnum, jugular foramen, hypoglassal canal

Cribriform plate description

Small holes form passageways for cranial nerve I (olfactory n.)

Ethmoid sinuses description

filled with air, connected to nasal cavity

Superior and Middle Nasal Conchae description

project into nasal cavity

Optic canal: description:

passageway for cranial nerve II (optic n.)

• Superior orbital fissure description:

• passageway for cranial nerves III (oculomotor n.),
  IV (trochlear n.), V1 (ophthalmic n.) and VI (abducens n.)

• Foramen rotundum description

• passageway for cranial nerve Vz (maxillary n.)

• Foramen ovale descirption

• passageway for cranial nerve V3 (mandibular n.)

• Sphenoid sinus description

• filled with air, connected to nasal cavity

• Hypophyseal fossa description

• houses the pituitary gland (hypophysis)

• Pterygoid processes description

• Attachments for muscles of mastication

• Internal acoustic meatus description

passageway for cranial nerves VII (facial n.) and
VIII (vestibulocochlear n.)

• Carotid canal description:

• entryway into skull for internal carotid artery

• Mastoid process description

• contains air-filled spaces (mastoid sinuses)

• External acoustic meatus description

• passageway for sound to vibrate tympanic membrane (eardrum)

• Styloid process description:

• attachment site for muscles of the neck

• Stylomastoid foramen description

• hole between styloid process & mastoid process through which cranial nerve VII (facial n.) exits temporal bone

• Mandibular fossa description

• forms part of the temporo-mandibular joint

• Foramen magnum: description

• large passageway for spinal cord/brain junction, vertebral arteries & cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory n.)

• Jugular foramen description

• hole between occipital and temporal through which cranial nerves IX (glossopharyngeal n.), X (vagus n.) and XI (accessory n.), and internal jugular vein pass

• Hypoglossal canal description

• hole near margin of foramen magnum through which cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal n.) passes

Occipital condyles articulate with what

articulate with atlas (C1)

what are the roofing and facial bones of the skull

• Frontal

• Parietal (2)

• Nasal (2)

• Maxilla (2)

• Maxillary sinuses:

• Zygomatic (2)

• Lacrimal (2)

• Vomer (1)

• Inferior Nasal Concha (2)
  Palatine (2)

• Mandible (1)

how many parietal bones are there

2

how many nasal bones are there

2

how many maxilla bones are there

2

maxillary sinuses

filled with air , connected with nasal cavity

how many zygomatic bones are there

2

how many lacrimal bones are there

2

how many vomer bones are there

1

how many inferior nasal concha bones are there

2

how many palantine bones are there

2

madnibular condyles description

articulate with mandibular fossae to form temporo-mandibular joints

coronoid process description

sties of attachment for muscles of mastication

description of mandibular foramina

passageways for branches of cranial nerve V3 (mandibular n.), innervating the lower teeth

mental foramina descirption

passageways for branches of cranial nerve V3 (mandibular n.), innervating the chin