Medical Terminology Ch4. body structure

dorsal cavity

located on the back of the body

ventral cavity

located on the front of the body

cranial cavity

formed from the skull, contains the brain

spinal cavity

formed from spine, contains spinal cord

thoracic cavity

contains the lungs and heart

abdominal cavity

contains the liver, stomach, intestines, and kidneys

pelvic cavity

contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs

cervical (spine)

neck

thoracic

chest

lumbar

loin

sacral

lower back

coccyx

tailbone

anter/o

anterior (front)

caud/o

tail

dist/o-

far, furthest

dors/o

back (of body)

infer/o

lower, below

later/o

side, to one side

medi/o

middle

poster/o

back, behind, posterior

proxim/o

near, nearest

ventr/o

belly, belly side

albin/o

white

chrom/o

color

yellow

cirrh/o

yellow

jaund/o

yellow

xanth/o

cyan/o

blue

erythr/o

red

melan/o

black

poli/o

gray, gray matter (of the brain)

radi/o

radiation

tom/o

to cut

viscer/o

internal organs

adhesion

abnormal fibrous band that hold/ binds together tissues that are normally separated

edema

abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces as a result of disease or failure of the lymphatic system.

febrile

having or showing symptoms of a fever

gangrene

death and decay of soft tissue

hernia

protrusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it

mycosis

any fungal infection in or one the body

perforation

hole that completely penetrates a structure

rupture

sudden breaking or bursting of a structure/organ

septicemia

bacterial infection of the tissues that spreads to the blood

suppurations

process of forming pus

auscultation

listening to the heart, bowel, and lungs with or without a stethoscope

palpation

gentle application of the hands to a specific structure or body area to determine size, consistency, texture, symmetry, and tenderness of underlying structures

percussion

tapping a body structure with the hand or fingers to assess consistency and the presence or absence of fluids within the underlying structure.

excisional biopsy

biopsy in which the entire lesion is removed

incisional biopsy

biopsy in which only a small sample of the lesion is removed

ablation

removal of a body part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency

anastomosis

surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

curettage

scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument call a curette

revision

surgical procedure used to replace or compensate for a previously implanted device or correct an undesirable result or effect of a previous surgery

plantar

pertaining to the sole of the foot

prone

lying horizontal with the face downward

AP

anerioposterior

Bx,bx

biopsy

CBC

complete blood count

CT

computed tomography

Dx

diagnosis

I&D

incision and drainage

LAT, lat

lateral

LLQ

left lower quadrant

LUQ

left upper quadrant

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

PET

positron emission tomography

RF

rheumatoid factor, radio frequency

RLQ

right lower quadrant

RUQ

right upper quadrant

SPECT

single-photon emission computed tomography

Sx

symptom

Tx

treatment

U&L, U/L

upper and lower

US

ultrasound, ultrasonography