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What is an ion?
An atom or group of atoms with an electrical charge caused by the loss or gain of electrons.
Why do atoms turn into ions?
To form a full outer shell and become stable.
What is a cation?
A positively charged ion.
How are cations formed?
Atoms lose electrons from their outer shell.
What is an anion?
A negatively charged ion.
What type of atom forms anions?
Non-metal atoms.
What type of atom forms cations?
Metal atoms.
Charge of group 1 metals turned ions?
1+
Charge of group 2 metals turning to ions?
2+
Charge of group six elements turned ions?
2-
Charge of group 7 elements turned ions?
1-
Why don’t the group eight halogens form ions?
Their outer shell is already full so no electrons are lost or gained.
What is the name of the bond that holds ions together into a compound?
Ionic bond.
What is an ionic bond?
Electrostatic force of attraction between cations and anions.
How is the ionic bond formed?
A metal atom transfers electrons to the non-metal atom forming ions. The ions attract by the electromagnetic force of attraction between them, forming a bond.
How can you show/draw the formation of an ionic bond?
Draw the atoms with their shells and the transfer of electron(s).
Draw the newly formed ions in square brackets and give their charge.
What type of structure do ionic compounds have?
Giant lattice structure.
What are the properties of a giant lattice structure?
Ions are arranged in a regular pattern. Edges are sharp with many flat surfaces.
What do giant lattice structures appear as in real life?
Solid crystals.
