Glucose Transport and Molecular Flux

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to glucose transport and molecular flux in human physiology.

Types of Epithelia

Different types of epithelial cells including protective, exchange, ciliated, secretory, and transport, each with unique functions.

Protective epithelium

Epithelial layer consisting of many layers providing structural and chemical barriers.

Exchange epithelium

Thin single-cell layer possibly with pores that facilitates exchange.

Ciliated epithelium

Epithelial cells with cilia on the apical surface that aid in the bulk transport of particles.

Secretory epithelium

Epithelial cells that release substances such as mucus and hormones.

Transport epithelium

Single-cell layer controlling the movement of molecules between apical and basal surfaces.

Primary active transport

Transport process that uses ATP to move ions against their chemical gradients.

Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase

Transmembrane protein that uses ATP to transport sodium out of the cell and potassium in.

Facilitated diffusion

Process that allows molecules to cross membranes without energy, using channel proteins.

Na⁺-glucose symporter

A carrier protein that uses the sodium gradient to transport glucose into cells through secondary active transport.

GLUT transporter

Carrier protein that facilitates the diffusion of glucose across the membrane.

Molecular flux

The movement of molecules across a membrane, controlled by various types of proteins.

Carrier proteins

Proteins that bind to specific molecules to help them cross the membrane.

Channel proteins

Proteins that allow specific molecules to pass through a membrane, can be pores or gated channels.

Chemical gradient

The difference in concentration of a substance across a membrane.