Thrust PPL ground lesson 6 stage 1

the flight environment (airport markings, etc.)

ADM

aeronautical decision making—mindset to develop as PIC

IMSAFE

illness

medication

stress (acute and chronic)

alcohol (8 hours bottle to throttle, 0.4, no hungover)

fatigue

external pressures/eating/emotions

PAVE

Pilot
Aircraft (arrowpdc, aaviate)
enVironment

External pressures

describe 3 collision avoidance methods

1. scan horizon

2. see and avoid

3. use resources (exterior lights, radio, MFD map)

how do you scan the sky?

series of short, regularly spaced eye movements in 10 degree sectors of the sky

night time scanning

use off-centered viewing, keep light in the periphery of your vision, not head-on, change position of your eyes

rhodopsin

alters rods and cones to detect light better at night, basically allows eyes to see at night once you’re adjusted to the night.

clearing turns

2 90 degree turns, starting left because of the right of way

when climbing/descending on a VFR airway, you should ______ to check for traffic

execute gentle banks left and right (shallow S turns)

most midair collisions occur during daylight hours within ______of airport

5 nm

red light is ____(left/right)

green light is ____(left/right)

left, right

turn on nav lights when?

sunset to sunrise

FAA encourages pilots to turn on landing lights during _____ and _____, and operating below_____ within 10 miles of the airport

departure and approach, below 10,000, reduced visibility

two aircrafts are converging. The aircraft of the ______(left/right) has the right of way

right

aircrafts approaching head on

each turn right

aircraft towing/refeulling does/does not have the right of way?

does

least maneuverable aircrafts and aircrafts in distress do/do not have the right of way? (ex. gliders, blimps, hot balloons)

do

FAR 91.119

min. safe altitudes—lowest altitude you can fly anywhere is one that allows you to make a safe emergency landing. Congested and uncontested area rules

congested area

1000 ft above any obstacle with horizontal radius of 2000ft

uncongested area

500 ft from surface

how to taxi in the wind?

use ailerons and elevator/stabilator

if wind is coming from the front

up aileron on the side, elevator neutral

if wind is coming from behind (ex. light quartering tailwind)

down aileron on side where wind is blowing, elevator down

wind coming from the front, use ____(up/down) aileron on side of wind and elevator neutral

up

wind coming from the back, use _____(up/down) aileron on side of wind and elevator down

down

ground looping

when the wind spins the aircraft around in 180s

positive exchange of flight controls

say it 3 times, visually confirm they are not touching anything!

Your controls

My controls

Your controls

controlled airports

towered, need to establish 2 way radio coms

(T/F) if they say “aircraft calling,” that establishes 2 way radio coms

false!

uncontrolled airports

no ATC, not required to make coms but you should transmit intentions

runways lined up with (true/magnetic) north

magnetic

runways that are parallel are designed with

L, R, C (left, right, center)

a traffic pattern has how many parts?

5 (upwind, crosswind, downwind, base, final). Ensures organization and traffic separation

teardrop pattern entry

overfly runway and cross downwind at 500 above TPA

secret third option for traffic pattern entry

cross runway at TPA and enter straight in mid-downwind

TPA is…

1000ft AGL, lefthand traffic pattern

check the _______ of your airport to make sure it isn’t right traffic pattern

chart supplement

wind tetrahedron can either

be manually positioned to indicate traffic flow or blow around and indicate winds

a runway is visual only if it

only has a number and centerline marked

a runway is non-precision instrument if it

has a designated number, marked centerline, AND threshold and aiming point (1000 footers)

a runway is precision instrument if it

has a designated number, marked centerline, threshold, aiming point (1000 footers), AND touchdown zone (in front of 1000 footers) and side stripes

displaced threshold rules

less strong concrete, can take off from here, but NO landing here! marked with white arrows

blast pad

marked with yellow chevron, NO touching it. No taxi/takeoff/landing here. Weak concrete

runway closures are marked 2 ways

big yellow X, NOTAMS

Thrust fuel policy

fly with 9.5 gallons extra (enough for one hour)

one pilot deviation phone number is the same as

7 super-speeder tickets

avoid PDs by

not crossing the hold short lines, asking ATC to repeat and write it down, apologize for an honest mistake

untowered airports use the ____ frequency

CTAF (common tower traffic frequency)

wigwags

rail guard light

enhanced centerline marking

solid centerline with dashes on other side. See it on runup and while holding short. They warn of an approaching runway

mandatory airport instruction signs are marked with

red backgrounds and white letters.

red signs with white letters should be treated like

red lights. They pretty much all mean “hold short”

taxiway signs are

black with yellow letters

direction and destination signs are

yellow with black letters

sign along runway with just one number

thousands of feet left indicator

ILS critical area sign means that

there is instrument traffic. they need special spacing and might get priority.

ramp hand signals

both hands up —stop

cut engine—-slice left or right

swirly hand—start engine

finger L to the sky—”all clear”

rip apart—pull chocks

squish together—insert chocks

non-movement area

taxi freely

movement area

cannot taxi freely, only allowed in once you are cleared by ATC (otherwise you get a pilot deviation)

do majority of your checklists (on runway/in runup)

in runup

if you are unsure of your position on the runway, or the taxi instructions are confusing, just say

“unfamiliar with the airport, student pilot, request for progressive taxi”

Swiss cheese model

a lot of tiny mistakes lining up to make a really bad mistake

on the runway for takeoff, which overhead switches are on?

all of them

what’s the worst a big bird, like a vulture, could do at 90 knots

rip a wing off, dent a wing, crash you

LAHSO

land and hold short operations (hold short before end of runway). Common with perpendicular/intersecting runways

should a student pilot ever accept a LAHSO?

Never. Say “unable” and explain you are a student pilot

if you accept a LAHSO, you MUST

—have a private pilot cert., at least

—stop at the hold short lines on the runway

airport beacons are on from _____ , or when ceiling Is less than ______ft or visibility less than ___nm

dusk to dawn, 1000, 3

white, green light

normal airport beacon

white, yellow light

water airport

white white green light

military airport

white, yellow, green light

heliport beacon

the sides of the runways are lit in

blue

centerline of the runway is lit in

green

approach lighting system at night.

the green lighted bar is where you can start landing!

what’s a rabbit

white lights that flash in a straight line towards runway, can activate with 3, 5, or 7 clicks on the mic (low, med, high)

rabbit lasts ___ minutes once you clic

15 minutes

make a landing descent on final at ___ degrees

30

EMAS

engineered material arresting system (soft concrete designed to break and absorb force of crashing aircraft). Works like a giant sandpit. Each brick costs 30-50k

if there is anyone being suspicious at an airport, report to

TSA 1-866-GA-SECURE