Theme 3: Social justice & the right to the city

What did industrial cities expose?

inequality, slums, disease, overcrowding

What is utilitarian city planning?

maximizing overall happiness for the greatest number of people

Utopian thought

visionary planning of an ideal perfect society

Garden cities 

Ebenezer Howard, contained greenbelts, social reform integrated with physical layout, sustainable way of life 

Reformers

Chadwick and Engles used data to advocate for social reform

Paul Daividoff’s advocacy planning

planners represent marginalized voices

Norman Krumholz’s equity planning

redirect state resources toward justice

Arnstein’s ladder of participation

from tokenism to citizen power

Smart growth models

focus on developing compact and walkable communities to prevent sprawl

What can smart growth models produce?

inequity through gentrification and worsen housing affordability

Poverty in planning is…

reframed as a system, not an individual problem

planning is now linked to…

public health, well-being, and social cohesion

planning justice must include

cultural inclusion, recognizing indigenous rights and diverse urban experiences

Justice as spatial 

inequality is embedded in urban form (who lives where)

participation vs power

involvement does not guarantee actions are taken

Moral evolution

planning shifts from moral control (industrial reform) to moral partnership (equity)

Right to the city 

Lefebvre- calls for collective ownership of urban life, citizens as coproducers of space

Freeman’s bay renewal

1970s bottom-up urban renewal challenged top-down housing policy

Aucklands housing crisis

highlights systemic inequities in land and wealth distribution

NZPI code of ethics

honor the treaty of Waitangi, maintain impartial judgement, and professional opinions