Understanding Schemas and Decision Making

These flashcards cover important concepts related to schemas and decision-making processes, including types of reasoning and cognitive biases.

Schemas are useful because they allow us to quickly to novel situations.

adapt

Schemas influence a variety of processes.

cognitive

When you have a specific schema in mind, it guides your .

attention

In a psychology study, participants often items consistent with their schema.

recalled

False memories are often associated with details that are with the schema.

consistent

Schemas also help us identify things based on our understanding and can help us things.

remember

An example of a cognitive process influenced by a schema is .

behavior

Scripts are specialized schemas that involve .

behavior

The process of taking a small amount of information and generalizing it to new situations is called reasoning.

inductive

When using deductive reasoning, we come to a conclusion based on a general principle and apply it to a _, specific case.

specific

Analogical reasoning is when we make assumptions based on between situations.

similarities

Framing a decision in terms of and rewards can influence choice.

risk

The bias refers to the tendency to rely on the first piece of information we receive.

anchoring

Delayed discounting explains why we often choose immediate rewards over outcomes.

later

The availability heuristic relies on how easily information comes to .

mind

When making decisions under stress, we tend to use heuristics.

quick

Bounded rationality refers to the limitation of our decisions based on our base.

knowledge

The tendency to overgeneralize based on a specific instance is a common pitfall of reasoning.

inductive

A common example of a reasoning strategy used in quick decisions is .

heuristics

Stereotyping occurs when we apply our too broadly to diverse situations.

prototypes