Physics - Unit 1.1: Physical Quantities and Measurement Techniques

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13 Terms

1
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how can length be measured?

  • ruler (small distances of a few centimetres)

  • tapes (large distances of a few metres)

  • micrometers (very small distances that a ruler cannot measure)

2
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how can you read the scale on an analogue micrometer?

  • the inner cylinder gives its integer value in mm

  • rotating barrel gives its decimal value to 0.01mm

<ul><li><p>the inner cylinder gives its integer value in mm</p></li><li><p>rotating barrel gives its decimal value to 0.01mm</p></li></ul><p></p>
3
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how can the volume of a liquid be measured?

using measuring cylinders

4
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how to determine the volume of a solid?

  • measure the volume of the liquid using a measuring cylinder

  • place object in the measuring cylinder and measure volume

  • volume of irregular object = final volume - initial volume

5
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how can time be measured?

using stop-clocks and stopwatches

6
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how can a small distance be measured?

measure the length of multiple quantity of the item and divide the length by the quantity of the item

7
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how can a short interval of time be measured?

take multiple readings and find the average

8
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what is a scalar?

a quantity that has magnitude (size) only

9
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what is a vector?

a quantity that has both magnitude and direction

10
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give examples of scalars?

  • distance

  • speed

  • time

  • mass

  • energy

  • temperature

11
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give examples of vectors?

  • displacement

  • force

  • weight

  • velocity

  • acceleration

  • momentum

  • electric field strength

  • gravitational field strength

12
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how to find the resultant of 2 vectors at right angles graphically?

  • choose a scale which fits the page

  • draw vectors at right angles to one another

  • complete the rectangle

  • draw the resultant vector diagonally from origin

  • carefully measure the length of the resultant vector

  • use the scale factor to calculate the magnitude

  • use the protractor to measure the angle

<ul><li><p>choose a scale which fits the page</p></li><li><p>draw vectors at right angles to one another</p></li><li><p>complete the rectangle</p></li><li><p>draw the resultant vector diagonally from origin</p></li><li><p>carefully measure the length of the resultant vector</p></li><li><p>use the scale factor to calculate the magnitude</p></li><li><p>use the protractor to measure the angle</p></li></ul><p></p>
13
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how to find the resultant of 2 vectors at right angles by calculation?

  • use pythagoras’ theorem to find the resultant vector

  • to find the direction, calculate the angle using trigonometry (soh-cah-toa)