Drugs

physical dependence

Physiological need for a drug that has been brought about by its regular use.

psychosocial dependence

A conditioned use of a drug caused by underlying emotional needs.

screening test

A test that is nonspecific and preliminary in nature.

spectrophotometry

An analytical method for identifying a substance by exposing it to a specific type of electromagnetic radiation.

stimulant

A substance taken to increase alertness or activity.

UV

Invisible long frequencies of light beyond violet in the visible spectrum.

anabolic steroids

Steroids that promote muscle growth.

analgesic

A drug or substance that lessens or eliminates pain.

chromatography

A means of separating and tentatively identifying the components of a mixture.

confirmatory test

A single test that specifically identifies a substance.

depressants

Substances that depress the functions of the central nervous system.

fluoresce

To emit visible light when exposed to light of a shorter wavelength.

hallucinogens

A substance that induces change in mood, attitude, thought processes, and perceptions.

infrared light

Invisible short frequencies of light before red in the visible spectrum.

microcrystalline test

Tests to identify specific substances by the color and morphology of crystals formed when the substance is mixed with specific reagents.

monochromatic light

Light having a single wavelength frequency.

monochromator

A device used to isolate wavelengths or frequencies of light.

narcotic

An analgesic or pain-killing substance that depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate.

drugs

A natural or synthetic substance that is used to produce physiological or psychological effects in humans or other higher-order animals.

barbiturates

Also known as downers, they relax the user, create a sense of wellbeing, and produce sleep.

opium

A type of narcotic drug and the source of most narcotic drugs.

huffing

The sniffing of materials containing volatile solvents.

amphetamines

A group of synthetic stimulants that share a similar chemical structure and are known as uppers.

schedule 1

Drugs with no medical value in the United States and a high potential for abuse.

23 million

The estimated number of people in the United States who use illicit drugs.

methadone

The best known synthetic opiate.

heroin

The most frequently used opium derivative.

OxyContin

Addictive due to its close relation to morphine.

marijuana

The most widely used illicit drug in the United States.

fungus

The source from which LSD is derived.

alcohol

The most abused drug in the United States.

color test

The most common type of screen test.

thin layer and gas

Two types of chromatography.

infra-red

The most effective spectrophotometry for identifying drugs.

anabolic steroids

Dangerous due to potential anger issues and infertility.

Microcrystalline test, chromatography, spectrophotometry

Three types of confirmation tests.

huffing

Can damage the liver, heart, or brain.

depressants

Examples include alcohol, barbiturates, and anti-anxiety drugs.

PCP

Dangerous due to depression and potential for violence.

marijuana

Used medically to reduce excessive eye pressure and lessen nausea.

withdrawal symptoms

Body chills, vomiting, stomach cramps, or insomnia associated with drug dependence.

psychological reasons for drug use

Include a sense of well-being, escape from reality, or peer pressure.