29/3/2025 tvdh of 10/10/2024 week 19 the effect of wilderness tourism

as never before

chua tung co truoc day

be drawn to sth

be attracted to sth

as never before

chua tung co truoc day

be drawn to sth

be attracted to sth

remote

1 far away far from towns or other places where people live

SYN isolated

 a —border town a fire in a remote mountain area

► see thesaurus at

remote

far2 not likely

if a chance or possibility of something happening is — it is not very likely to happen

SYN slight

—chance/possibility There’s a —chance that you can catch him before he leaves.

go from boom to bust

( at the height of the boom)

(=change from doing very well economically to doing very badly)

The Mexican economy went—bust very quickly.

They sold their house a—-

promote sth

encourage to help something to develop or increase

 a meeting to —international trade

 Fertilizer ——s leaf growth.

(demote)promote sb to sth

better job to give someone a better more responsible job in a company

OPP

Helen was —d to senior manager

promote sth

3 sell to help sell a new product, film etc by offering it at a reduced price or by advertising it 

She’s in London to —her new book.

Antarctic

relating to the most northern part of the world → —the —island of Novaya Zemlya

2 extremely cold arctic conditions\

bac cuc

fragile ( economy )

2 a —situation is one that is weak or uncertain, and likely to become worse under pressure

OPP strong

=weak or damaged, and in danger of being destroyed completely)

Exploring for oil will damage the island’s — —.ecology

fragile health

suc khoe yeu

a weak physical condition because of illness

abnormal

ery different from usual in a way that seems strange, worrying, wrong, or dangerous OPP normal

_{^{Bất thường, Không bình thường (Là điều gì đó khác biệt so với những gì thường thấy hoặc mong đợi, đặc biệt theo cách làm ai đó lo lắng hoặc có hại hoặc không mong muốn).}}

_{^{Lưu từ}}

The doctor noted the patient's heartbeat was —and required further tests.

Bác sĩ ghi nhận nhịp tim của bệnh nhân bất thường và cần thêm các xét nghiệm.

ecology

the way in which plants, animals, and people are related to each other and to their environment, or the scientific study of this

→ environment

Sinh thái học (Khoa học nghiên cứu mối quan hệ giữa các sinh vật với nhau và với môi trường sống của chúng).

—is the science that investigates how plants and animals interact with each other and their surroundings

seasonality of

the fact that something changes according to the time of the year

thoi vu

the —sales of the product

Tính thời vụ bán hàng của sản phẩm

prevailing

existing or accepted in a particular place or at a particular time

SYN current 

The —-mood of public opinion remained hostile.

consequent

happening as a result of a particular event or situation

SYN resulting the rise in inflation and consequent fall in demand

Sự gia tăng lạm phát và do đó là nhu cầu giảm

subsequent ( to sth )

happening or coming after something else → consequent 

These skills were passed on to— generations. 

2. + pre+ sth

a hit subsequent to the event that my dad rebuked

to be drawn to sth

bi thu hut den cai gi do

tourist are —to these regions by their natural landscape beauty and the unique cultures of their indigenous people

Draw sb into sth

to make someone become involved in a difficult or unpleasant situation:

They tried to —- me — their argument, but I refused.

Breed of

( A dying breed)

😘😘😘😘breed² ●●○ noun [countable]  

 1 a type of animal that is kept as a pet or on a farm

—  Spaniels are my favourite — of dog.

2 a particular kind of person or type of thing

 Real cowboys are a dying — (=not many exist anymore).

 Dodd was one of that rare — (=there are not many of them)

3..Type of a group of people ….

a new —-international criminal

một loại tội phạm quốc tế mới

Indigenous to swh

— people or things have always been in the place where they are, rather than being brought there from somewhere else

SYN native

Ai /cái gì Là loài bản địa của

Blueberries are indigenous to Ameri

Quả việt quất là loài bản địa của Mỹ

Insufficient

adjective formal

not enough, or not great enough

—resources have been devoted to the health service in covid pandemic

chưa có đủ nguồn lực dành cho dịch vụ y tế. Trong thời đại dịch covid-19

Output of

the amount of goods or work produced by a person, machine, factory etc

→ production

— is up 30% on last year.

manufacturing/industrial/agricultural etc ——-t

Korea’s agricultural output

__

the world’s __ carbon dioxide

2 the information produced by a computer OPP input

3 technical the amount of electricity produced by a generator

Long-time

having existed or continued to be a particular thing for a long time

a long-time supporter of civil rights

__ friend/lover etc
~endure

~perpetual

~

decline in

decrease in the quality, quantity, or importance of something

rapid/sharp/steep/dramatic __

a rapid — unemployment

tend to do sth

if something tends to happen, it happens often and is likely to happen again

People ___ need less sleep as they get older.

tend to sb/sth

also

[transitive] old-fashioned to look after someone or something

Sofia was in the bedroom —ing __ her son.

tend upwards/downwards

to move or develop in a particular direction

Có xu hướng tăng hoặc xuống

Interest rates are---ing upwards.
có xu hướng lên trên/xuống dưới

Lãi suất đang có xu hướng tăng.

tend towards sth

to have one particular quality or feature more than others

Charles __s — obesity.

involve sb in (doing) sth

to ask or allow someone to take part in something

*^{Nốt relate (;~take it in strike (không để cho ai đó làm mình tức giận hoặc ảnh hưởng))}

We want to — the workforce at all stages of the decision-making process.

Chúng tôi muốn có sự tham gia của lực lượng lao động ở tất cả các giai đoạn của quá trình ra quyết định.

involve yourself in

to take part actively in a particular activity

Reilly —s himself -n every aspect of his company’s business.

Involve sb /doing sth

if an activity or situation __s something, that thing is part of it or a result of it

What will the work __?

I didn’t realize putting on a play —ed so much work.

Tôi đã không nhận ra việc dàn dựng một vở kịch lại đòi hỏi nhiều công sức đến vậy.

—đoif hỏi, liên quan cái gì

Running your own business usually —s working long hours.

2 to include or affect someone or something

These changes will — everyone on the staff.

culprit

the person who is guilty of a crime or doing something wrong → victim

Police finally managed to catch the __.

2 informal the reason for a particular problem or difficulty

High production costs are the main __.

Feel guilty about/for/at

1 ashamed feeling very ashamed and sad because you know that you have done something wrong

__thâý tội lỗi vì cái gì

I feel really__ forgetting her birthday again.

undermine sb’s confidence/authority/position/credibility etc

verb [transitive]

to gradually make someone or something less strong or effective

__

The constant criticism was beginning to —- her confidence

Handout

countable]

1 money or goods that are given to someone, for example because they are poor

people who have to live on —s from the state

a cash handout

2 a piece of paper with information, which is given to people who are attending a lesson, meeting etc

Please read the __.

be on the horns of a dilemma

to be in a situation in which you have to choose between two equally unpleasant or difficult situations

đang ở trên sừng của một tình thế tiến thoái lưỡng nan

ở trong tình huống mà bạn phải lựa chọn giữa hai tình huống khó khăn hoặc khó chịu như nhau
be —dilemma

millennia

1 a period of 1,000 years

people who have inhabited this land for __

2 [usually singular] the time when a new 1,000-year period begins

the beginning of a new __

events which took ____ at the turn of the last __

millennial

relating to a millennium or to the year 2000:

__ celebrations

born between around 1981 and 1996:

The 1900 newborn would have been fortunate to know their grandparents

in a dilemma about

a situation in which it is very difficult to decide what to do, because all the choices seem equally good or equally bad= be on the horns of a dilemma

I’m in a __ about this job offer.

Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing between work and family commitments.

→ be on the horns of a dilemma

Be vulnerable to sth

a place, thing, or idea that is vulnerable is easy to attack or criticize

OPP invulnerable

—environment ( môi trường dễ tổn thương)

The fort was __ to attack from the north.

Erode

if the weather __ rock or soil, or if rock or soil __, its surface is gradually destroyed

The cliffs are being constantly __ by heavy seas.

Erode away

to gradually reduce something such as someone’s power or confidence

=Undermine sb’s confidence

Our personal freedom is being gradually —

Erode

if an amount or value is __d, it is slowly reduced

Stock prices were __d by profit-taking and ended down.

Be Vulnerable to sth

someone who is vulnerable can be easily harmed or hurt

OPP invulnerable

He took advantage of me when I was at my most __.

Anh ta lợi dụng tôi lúc tôi đang yếu đuối nhất

be vulnerable to something

Children are most ___ abuse within their own home.

in a predicament (prɪˈdɪkəmənt)

/ noun [countable]

a difficult or unpleasant situation in which you do not know what to do, or in which you have to make a difficult choice

=In a dilemma about ( both good and bad)

=be on the horns of a dilemma ( just bad)

Other married couples are in a similar __.

•The moment she realized that her friend’s home background, It put her in a __

legion (ˈliːdʒən)

adjective [not before noun]

literary very many

SYN numerous

The stories of her adventures were —.

legion (ˈliːdʒən)

/ noun [countable]

1 a large group of soldiers, especially in ancient Rome

2 literary a large number of people

Learn ( etc) to your cost

Học được cái giá của bạn

to realize something is true because you have had a very unpleasant experience

Driving fast in wet conditions is dangerous, as my brother discovered to his ___!

Lái xe nhanh trong điều kiện ẩm ướt là rất nguy hiểm, anh trai tôi đã phải trả giá đắt khi phát hiện ra điều đó!

inevitable

adjective

1 certain to happen and impossible to avoid

Disease was an __ consequence of poor living conditions.

reinvigorate

to make someone feel healthier, and more energetic again:

His beliefs, both political and religious, seem to __ him

.
to make something stronger, or more exciting or successful again:

Lower interest rates could reinvigorate consumer spending and the struggling housing market.

cost of

1 [countable] the amount of money that you have to pay in order to buy, do, or produce something

Ở cái giá…

The new building’s going up at a __ of $82 million.

reinvigorate

to make something stronger, or more exciting or successful again:

Lower interest rates could __ consumer spending and the struggling housing market.

renaissance in

a new interest in something, especially a particular form of art, music etc, that has not been popular for a long period

Sự Phục hưng

a __ in wood carving over the last few years
Sự phục Hưng

transient (ˈtrænziənt) (ˈtrænʃənt)

$ / adjective formal

1 continuing only for a short time

__ fashions

thời trang nhất thời

2 working or staying somewhere for only a short time

a — population

>< Perpetual

=Permanent

repatriate (riːˈpætrieɪt)

Repatriation

-/ verb [transitive]

1 to send someone back to their own country → deport

After the war, prisoners were __.

2. N.___ of refugees is essential to rebuilding the country.

Việc hồi hương người tị nạn là điều cần thiết để xây dựng lại đất nước .

2 to send profits or money you have earned back to your own coun

try

accrue to sb/sth from sth

Tích lũy cho ai/cái gì từ cái gì/ai

Lưu

1 [intransitive] if advantages — to you, you get those advantages over a period of time

 advantages __ing—- the introduction of new technology

2 [intransitive, transitive] if money accrues or is accrued, it gradually increases over a period of time

 Interest will __ until payment is made.

Lãi suất sẽ tích lũy cho đến khi thanh toán được thực hiện

8,8 million accrued to 8,8 tỉ

Tundra (ˈtʌndrə)

lanh nguyen

// noun [countable, uncountable]    the large flat areas of land in the north of Russia, Canada etc, where it is very cold and there are no treesExamples from the Corpus

Control over/of

make somebody/something do what you want [uncountable] the ability or power to make someone or something do what you want or make something happen in the way you want The disease robs you of muscle control.

V.

Babies are born with very little control over their movements

Have/take /lose control over/of sth/sb

Có quyền kiểm soát cái gì

She’s a good teacher who -s __ __ her class. 

Nắm quyền kiểm soát cái gì

Students are encouraged to —- their own learning, rather than just depending on the teacher. 

Mất quyền kiểm soát cái gì

Excessive drinking can make you __ __ of your own life

penetrate into 

1 go through [intransitive, transitive] to enter something and pass or spread through it, especially when this is difficult →

Explorers ___ deep __ unknown regions.

Các nhà thám hiểm đã thâm nhập sâu vào những vùng bí ẩn

Penertrate

2 business [transitive] to start to sell things to an area or country, or to have an influence there

 Few U.S. companies have successfully — the Japanese electronics market.

Penetrate

organization [transitive] to succeed in becoming accepted into a group or an organization, sometimes in order to find out their secrets 

KGB agents had —d most of their intelligence services.

Penetrate

understand formala) [transitive]

to succeed in understanding something Science has —₫ the mysteries of nature.

b) [intransitive, transitive] to be understood, with difficulty 

What could I say that would —- his thick skull?

Tôi có thể nói gì có thể xuyên thấu được hộp sọ dày của anh ấy?

[countable usually plural, uncountable] a strong desire to have or achieve something

SYN ambition

 a high level of political aspirationaspiration of the aspirations of the working classesaspiration for their hopes and aspirations for the future2 [uncountable] technical the sound of air blowing out that happens when some consonants are pronounced, such as the /p/ in ‘pin’

Communal (ˈkɒmjənəl, kəˈmjuːnl)

/ $ ˈkɑː-/ ●○○ adjective

   1 shared by a group of people or animals, especially a group who live together

 a __ bathroom

2 involving people from many different races, religions, or language groups the worst ___ violence in two years

3 relating or belonging to all the people living in a particular community 

crops grown on __ land

(ˈædvɜːs $ -ɜːrs) adverse effect

// ●○○ adjective    1 not good or favourable

 They fear it could have an ___effect (tac dung pHu) on global financial markets. 

Miller’s campaign has received a good deal of adverse publicity

Chiến dịch của Miller đã nhận được rất nhiều ý kiến trái chiều

adverse conditions

conditions that make it difficult for something to happen or exist 

The expedition was abandoned because of ___ weather conditions

điều kiện bất lợi điều kiện gây khó khăn cho điều gì đó xảy ra hoặc tồn tại Cuộc thám hiểm đã bị hủy bỏ vì điều kiện thời tiết bất lợi

(ˈmerɪt) have the merit of

// ●●○ noun    1 [countable]

Co LOI ich hi

an advantage or good feature of something

 The film has the __ __ being short.

down-to-earth

adjective    practical and direct in a sensible honest way 

Fran’s a friendly, __ person.

(diːˈmerɪt)

demerits of

// noun [countable]    1 formal a bad quality or feature of something

 

The merits and__ (=the good and bad qualities) of this argument have been explored.

downside of

=dimerit

the negative part or disadvantage of something

OPP upside

 Digital cell phones offer more security, but the __ is that they have less power

 The __ of the book is that it is written in a rather boring style.

mitigate

// verb [transitive] formal    to make a situation or the effects of something less unpleasant, harmful, or serious

SYN _alleviate_ 

Measures need to be taken to

the environmental effects of burning more coal.→ See Verb table

disruptive to sth

A disruptive influence

Disruptive pupil

causing problems and preventing something from continuing in its usual way

 Night work can be very ___ to home life.

Làm việc ban đêm có thể gây trở ngại lớn cho cuộc sống gia đình.

Hoc sinh quay pha

 Mike’s parents thought I was a ___ influence (=a person who causes disruption).

cách xử lý học sinh quậy phá

=> ways to handle —- pupils

poach from

people [transitive] to persuade someone who belongs to another organization, team etc to leave it and join yours, especially in a secret or dishonest way 

That company’s always __ing staff from our company

 

poach sth

animals [intransitive, transitive] to illegally catch or shoot animals, birds, or fish, especially on private land without permission

 Deer have been __ed here for years.

drive sb mad

__, crazy, etc. B2 informal

to make someone extremely annoyed:

My mother-in-law has been staying with us this past week and she's __ing me —

drive sb wild to do sth

informal

to make you very excited, especially sexually:

It __s me __ to watch that boy in 12a9 class practicing shuttlecock kicking

drive sb away to do sth

Force sb /sth to do

If you aren't careful, your jealousy will __her __.

In the end, it was his violent behaviour that drove her to leave home.

insufficient for / (sth) to do sth

• Không đủ cho cái gì for

His salary was —- —- their needs.

Be — (something) to do something

Không đủ cái gì để làm gì đó

The heating is —- — kill the bac

teria.