ETHICS - Lesson1 (Philosophy and Ethics)

Philosophy

Love of wisdom. An activity people undertake when they seek to understand fundamental truths about themselves.

Metaphysics

study of the nature of reality, of what exists in the world, what it is like, and how it is ordered. In metaphysics philosophers wrestle with such questions

Epistemology

Study of knowledge. It is primarily concerned with what we can know about the world and how we can know it.

Logic

Study the nature and structure of arguments

Ethics

Concerns what we ought to do and what it would be best to do. In struggling with this issue, larger questions about what is good and right arise.

Ethics

Based on well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues.

Ethicos

Greek word that means custom or character

Moral Philosophy

Another name for ethics

Moral Philosophy

Study that deals with the principles and laws governing the morality of the human act

Mos, Moris

Morality in latin

General Ethics

presents truths about human acts, and from these truths deduce the principles of morality. It is applied to individual in relation to himself, to God and to his fellowmen.

Special Ethics

Applied ethics. It applies to the principles of general ethics in different departments of human activity, individual and social. It includes man’s relation to the family, to the state and the to world.

Goodness Paradigm

recognizes that people have desires and aspirations, and frames values in terms of what enables a being to achieve its

Rightness Paradigm

Recognizes that people live in groups that require organization and regulations, and frames values in terms of duty and conformance to rules

Culture, Religion, Age, Gender, Status

Standards can be changed over time. It is based on these

Ethics

provides the theory or principles of right or wrong

Morality

the doing of ethics

Family, Church, Community, School, Government

5 Social Institurions

Family

Education starts at home

School

Individuals spend most of their time here

Community

Peers, neighborhood

Church

Best institution to teach morality

Importance of Ethics

Means living in proper way and it is in the development of a good moral character and virtues that man finds perfection and understands his purpose of existence.

Importance of Ethics

Everybody aims to have peace and harmony among all people, which is indeed the common interest of the people and the governmen

Nature of Man

Man is the only Moral Being

Duty to live a moral life

Man’s duty is to act with purpose and meaning

Immanuel Kant

Man is a rational being

Sigmund Freud

Men are pleasure seekers

Erik Erikson

Psychosocial Theory

Values

Positive traits

Vices

negative traits