week 1_ computer history

Computer

Device that processes data based on instructions.

Tally Stick

Ancient device for recording numbers and quantities.

Abacus

First computer, used for arithmetic calculations.

Napier's Bones

In this calculating tool, he used 9 different ivory strips or bones marked with numbers to multiply and divide.

Napier's Bones

It was also the first machine to use the decimal point.

Slide Rule

By sliding various components of the ruler to align with each other, a slide rule can compute products, roots, logarithms, and the result of trigonometric functions.

Slide Rule

Invented by William Oughtred in 1622.

Is based on Napier's ideas about logarithms.

Pascaline

also known as Arithmetic Machine or Adding Machine.

Pascaline

It was invented between 1642 and 1644 by a French mathematician-philosopher Biaise Pascal.

It is believed that it was the first mechanical and automatic calculator.

Pascaline

It was a wooden box with a series of gears and wheels. When a wheel is rotated one revolution, it rotates the neighboring wheel.

Charles Babbage

Father of computing; He invented Difference Engine and Analytical Engine

Ada Lovelace

First programmer of the Analytical Engine.

"The Enchantress of Numbers."

1st Generation Computers

Used vacuum tubes; large and heat-generating.

UNIVAC

First commercial computer delivered to a business.

ENIAC

First electronic numerical integrator and computer.

2nd Generation Computers

Used transistors; smaller and more reliable.

Integrated Circuit (IC)

Key development of 3rd generation computers.

Developed by Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce.

3rd Generation Computers

Introduced keyboards and monitors for accessibility.

Computers became accessible to mass audience because they were more smaller and cheaper.

Microprocessor

Thousands of circuits on a single silicon chip.

4th Generation Computers

Based on microprocessors; GUI and networking introduced.

IBM

Introduced its first personal computer for the home user, and in 1984.

5th Generation Computers

Focus on AI and natural language processing.