Chapter 29 - Between Two Fires (Section Two)

Same as all the other Knowts.

Why was the U.S. in better shape than the other Allies after World War I?

No battles were fought on American soil and American suffered fewer casualties.

_________ ______ wanted the U.S. to assume a greater role in world affairs, but the _____ wanted to be free from international problems.

^ President Wilson

^ Public

When the ________ failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles, it also did what?

Rejected American membership in the League of Nations.

The United States’ absence ________ the League of Nations’ effectiveness as a peacekeeping organization.

^ Weakened

Red Scare = ?

Occurred during a time that communism posed a tangible threat to any free country. This led to the expulsion of suspected foreign-born radicals and limits on immigration from Europe.

The U.S. emerged from the war with a ______ industrial economy.

^ Dynamic

What was the underlying weakness of the U.S. economy?

There was a combination of slow demand and overproduction that paved the way for a crisis.

Concern about the economy led brokers to call in _____, and when investors were ______ to pay, a financial _____ began.

^ Loans

^ Unable

^ Panic

The Great Depression = ?

When the stock market crashed, prices fell and many businesses and banks closed, sales dropped off, and salaries/wages decreased.

More than __ million Americans were unemployed during the Great Depression.

^ 13

Some argued that government-funded relief for the needy would lead to _________.

^ Socialism

President Roosevelt = ?

Wanted the federal government to aid the stricken economy and provide relief for the unemployed.

Roosevelt’s ___ ____ policies did much to restore the nation’s confidence.

^ New Deal

The U.S. hosted and ____________ __________ in Washington D.C. from 1921 to 1922.

^ International Conference

Disarmament = ?

The reduction of military weapons.

The U.S. signed a treaty with _____ and _____ _____ limiting the number of naval warships each could stockpile.

^ Japan

^ Great Britain

The Kellogg-Briand Pact = ?

Signed by nearly all the nations of the world, it denounced war as a means of settling disputes. But it was nothing more than a statement of intentions with no powers of enforcement.

As a result of World War I, _____ ______ lost its position as a leading economic power.

^ Great Britain

Great Britain became a ______ nation. And, because their factories and industrial equipment were old, they couldn’t compete with younger industrial nations such as the _._. and _____.

^ Debtor

^ U.S.

^ Japan

General Strike = ?

A strike involving all or a large number of the nation’s workers.

Trade Disputes Act = ?

Passed by Parliament, this made general strikes illegal.

Great Britain _________ most of its empire, although a couple of its dominions such as ______ and ________ became independent states.

^ Maintained

^ Canada

^ Australia

Statute of Westminister = ?

Established the Commonwealth of Nations, a voluntary association linking Great Britain and its former colonies as equals.

________ leaders in Ireland and Great Britain signed a compromise after the militant Irish nationalists revolted.

^ Moderate

The Catholic southern part of Ireland became a dominion known as the _____ ____ _____ while the largely Protestant north remained joined to Great Britain as ________ _______.

^ Irish Free State

^ Northern Ireland

World War I had an even more devastating effect on ______.

^ France

Combatants had ________ thousands of square miles of farmland and forests and reduced villages and cities to rubble.

^ Destroyed

French __________ were enormous.

^ Casualties

As a result of its _______ ________, France’s factories/railways/canals could not be quickly rebuilt.

^ Financial Problems

Coalition = ?

An alliance of factions.

_________ _____ (Communist, Socialist, and Fascist) on both the left and right threatened the political stability of France.

^ Extremist Groups

Popular Front = ?

Was demanded to combat fascism and promote work, liberty, and peace in France.

France wanted, above all else, to ______ another war.

^ Prevent

Locarno Treaties = ?

France signed this treaty with Germany, Italy, Belgium, and Great Britain which appeared to ensure lasting peace.

As an added insurance against a future German invasion, France built a series of fortifications that were 200 miles long called the _______ ____. It did not work because Germany could take a shortcut through Belgium.

^ Maginot Line