IPA flashcards

Voiceless Bilabial stop plosive

/p/

Pea

Voiced Bilabial stop plosive

Flyb/

Boat

Voiceless labiodental fricative

/f/

Fly

Voiced bilabial nasal

/m/

Man

Voiced labiodental fricative

/v/

Video

voiced alveolar nasal

/n/

Now

Voiceless alveolar stop-plosive

/t/

Tank

Voiceless interdental fricative

/θ/

THink

Voiced velar nasal

/ŋ/

siNG/ briNG

Voiced alveolar stop-plosive

/d/

Dog

Voiced interdental fricative

/ð/

THe

Voiceless glottal fricative

/h/

Hat

Voiceless palatal (post-alveolar) affricate

/tʃ/

CHeese/ CHimp

Voiceless alveolar fricative

/s/

See/ Sews

Voiced alveolar liquid

/l/

Love/ Letter

Voiced palatal (or post-alveolar) affricate

/dʒ/

June

Voiced alveolar fricative

/z/

Zoo

Voiced rhotic liquid

/ɹ/

Red

Voiced labial-velar glide

/w/

Wet

Voiceless palatal (or post-alveolar) fricative

ʃ/

SHall/ SHoot

Voiceless velar stop-plosive

/k/

Car

Voiced velar stop-plosive

/g/

Good

voiced palatal (or post-alveolar) fricative

/ʒ/

televiSion

Voiced palatal (or post-alveolar) glide

j/

Yes/ Yours

High free front vowel

/i:/

shEEp/ Eat

mid checked front vowel

/ɛ/

bEd

front low checked vowel

/æ/

cAt

High front checked vowel

/ɪ/

shIp

Mid central vowel

/ə/

above

High central checked vowel

/ʌ/

Up

Low back free vowel

/ɑ:/

Bah

Mid central vowel

/ɝ/

bIRd/ flIRt

gOOd

ʊ

shOOt

u:

haul

ɔ:

On/ slOp

ɒ

hERE

ɪɚ

wAIt/ pAInt

eɪ

tOUrist

ʊɚ

bOY

ɔɪ

mY/ skY

aɪ

shOW / blOW

əʊ

cOW/ brOW

/aʊ/

Assimilation

typical

one speech sound changes to become more similar or identical to a neighboring sound

ex: I'm so mad → I'm so man (m and n both nasals)

Coalescence

Typical

blending two sounds together

ex: twuck → f**k

Fricative stopping

Typical

When a stop sound replaces a fricative or affricate

ex: my Zipper is Stuck on my Jacket → my Dipper is Duck on my Dacket

Velar fronting

Typical

/k/ and /g/ move to the front (/t/ and /d/)

ex: coat → toat

gag→ dad

Velar backing

Typical

/t/ and /d/ move to the back (/k/ and /g/)

ex: coke → toke

dang → gang

Liquid gliding

Typical

red→wed

I love lions → I wuv wions

Liquid vowelization

Liquids are replaced with vowels

flower→ fowa

Palatal fronting

Typical

/ʃ/ is replaced by /s/, and /dʒ/ is replaced by /d/

ex: shoe → sue

juice → doose

Deaffrication

Typical

/tʃ/ is replaced with /s/

chew → sue

Fricative distortion

Typical

“fuzzy” sounding fricatives

lisps

Epenthesis

Typical

A sound is added to a word that doesn’t belong there

Dolphin→ Dolaphin Dwayne → De Wayne

Close-mid back rounded vowel

/o/ (toe)

Metathesis

Typical

The transportation or swapping of sounds within a word

ask→ axe basket → bakset

Initial consonant deletion

Atypical

Glottal replacement

Atypical

Replace expected phonemes with glottal stops

Backing

Atypical

dad→gag did→ gig

Frication

when a non-fricative consonant is turned into a fricative