Female Reproductive System: Disease, Disorder, Surgical, and Diagnostic Terms Not built from word parts pt1

Vocabulary flashcards covering disease, disorder, surgical procedures, and diagnostic imaging related to the female reproductive system.

fibrocystic breast changes (FCC)

Thickening of tissue (fibrosis), benign cysts, and pain or tenderness in one or both breasts; thought to be caused by monthly hormonal changes (also called fibrocystic breasts; formerly called fibrocystic breast disease).

ovarian cancer

Malignant tumor of the ovary.

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs; can be caused by many different pathogens. If untreated, the infection may spread upward from the vagina, involving the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and other pelvic organs. An ascending infection may result in infertility and, in acute cases, fatal septicemia.

polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Condition typically characterized by hormonal imbalances, ovulatory dysfunction, and multiple ovarian cysts; symptoms can include irregular menstruation, acne, excess facial and body hair, and infertility. People with this condition have increased risks of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and glucose intolerance.

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Condition involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring up to 10 days before menstruation. Symptoms include nervous tension, irritability, mastalgia (pain in the breast), edema, and headache.

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

Severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia, followed by hypotension and, in severe cases, shock and death; usually affects menstruating women using tampons; caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.

uterine fibroid

Benign tumor of the uterine muscle (also called myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma).

uterovaginal prolapse

Dropping of the uterus (and sometimes vagina) due to weakened pelvic muscles; the uterus moves downward into and is sometimes visible outside the vagina.

vaginal fistula

Abnormal passageway between the vagina and another organ, such as the urinary bladder, colon, or rectum.

abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB)

Irregular bleeding in the absence of pregnancy; menometrorrhagia, menorrhagia, and metrorrhagia are some types of AUB.

adenomyosis

Growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus.

Bartholin cyst

Blockage of one of the glands on either side of the vagina; usually causes a tender, swollen lump on the affected side, which may become infected, resulting in a Bartholin abscess.

breast cancer

Malignant tumor of the breast.

cervical cancer

Malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma. Its cause is linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

endometrial cancer

Malignant tumor of the endometrium (also called uterine cancer).

anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A&P repair)

Surgical repair of a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele (protrusion of the bladder against the anterior wall of the vagina) and a rectocele (protrusion of the rectum against the posterior wall of the vagina).

conization

Surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix; used in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. Types of conization include loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), cryosurgery (cold-knife conization), and laser (also called cone biopsy).

dilation and curettage (D&C)

Surgical procedure to widen the cervix and remove contents from the uterus using a curette, an instrument for scraping or suctioning; the procedure can be diagnostic or therapeutic.

endometrial ablation

Procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser, electrical, or thermal energy; used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding.

myomectomy

Excision of a uterine fibroid (myoma).

tubal ligation

Surgical closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization; tubes may be cut and tied (ligated), cut and cauterized, or closed off with a clip, clamp, ring, or band (also called tubal sterilization and female surgical sterilization).

uterine artery embolization (UAE)

Placement of metal coils or small gelatin beads into uterine arteries to stop blood flow supplying uterine fibroids or to stop severe hemorrhage after childbirth; performed by an interventional radiologist (also called uterine fibroid embolization when used to treat uterine fibroids).

sentinel lymph node biopsy

Injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph node(s), the first in the axillary chain and most likely to contain metastases of breast cancer. The nodes are removed and microscopically examined. If the nodes closest to the cancer (called "sentinel nodes") are negative, additional nodes are not removed.

stereotactic breast biopsy

Technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion.

transvaginal sonography (TVS)

Ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and surrounding structures; used to diagnose masses such as ovarian cysts or tumors, to monitor pregnancy, and to evaluate ovulation for the treatment of infertility.