Intro to Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Medications

Antibiotic Catagories

Penicillin. Cephalosporins, Glycopeptides, Macrolides, Sulfonamides, Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides, Tetracycline, Nitroimidazole

Cefaclor

Cephalosporin, gram-positive and negative, watch for patients with penicillin allergies

Amoxicillin

Penicillin, Gram-positive

Erythromycin

Avoid grapefruit juice, Macrolide, QT prolongation

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Sulfonamides, best medications to treat UTIs

Ciprofloxacin

Fluoroquinolone, May cause tendon rupture and CNS defects

Gentamicin

Aminoglycoside, ototoxic and nephrotoxic, Gram-negative infections

Tetracycline

Stains teeth and causes photosensitivity, Avoid dairy, antacids, and iron supplements

Metronidazole

Nitroimidazole, Treats C.diff, Metallic taste, Red-brown urine, No alcohol during and 72 hours after treatments

Vancomycin

Glycopeptide, Treats C.diff

Antitubercular Medications

Isoniazid, Ethambutol, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide

Isoniazid

Hepatotoxic, Peripheral Neuropathy

Ethambutol

Optic toxic, Causes low white cell count

Rifampin

Red-Orange body fluids, Hepatotoxic

Pyrazinamide

Hepatotoxic

Antivirals

Acyclovir and Oseltamivir

Acyclovir

Suppresses bone Marrow

Oseltivir

Flu, May cause Steven Johnsons

Amphotericin B

Highly nephrotoxic, is used for life threatening yeast infections, Polyene

Micafungin

Echinocandin, Hepatotoxic

Fluconazole

Azole, Hepatotoxic