Chapter 4: Covalent Compounds, Formulas, and Structures

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17 Terms

1

Paramagnetic

________- Substances that contain unpaired electrons are said to be ________.

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2

Free Radicals

________- Molecules that have Lewis structures with an unpaired electron are often called ________.

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3

Carbon

________ is usually a central atom in the structure and in compounds with more than one ________ atom, the ________ atoms are joined in a chain to start the skeleton.

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4

Electrons

________ are only shared equally in a nonpolar covalent bond.

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5

Hydrogen

________ is never a central atom because it can form only one covalent bond.

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6

electron spin

The ________ generates a small magnetic field which is canceled when electrons are paired.

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7

Lewis Dot Structure

To simplify a(n) ________, the bonding pairs of electrons can be replaced by a line representing a bond.

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8

Domain

Bonding ________- The region in space occupied by a bonding pair (or pairs for double and triple bonds)

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9

Covalent compounds

________ are governed by the octet rule.

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10

Octet Rule

________- The ________ dates that the noble gas configuration will be achieved if the Lewis structure shows 8 electrons around each atom.

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11

Halogens

________ form only a single covalent bond when oxygen is not present and therefore a halogen will generally not be a central atom.

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12

Magnetic properties

________ of atoms, ions, and molecules arise from unpaired electrons.

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13

Polar Bond

________- If the electrons are not shared equally by two atoms, they will spend more time localized near one atom or the other, creating a(n) ________ with a positive and a negative end.

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14

Molecules

________- Compounds composed of covalently bonded groups of atoms are called ________.

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15

Formal Charge

________- The formal charge is the difference between the number of electrons an atom has in a Lewis structure and its number of valence electrons.

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16

polyatomic ion

If the substance is a(n) ________, we must take into account that the electrons are used to form the charge of the ion.

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17

Domain

Nonbonding ________- The region in space occupied by a non- binding electron pair.

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