Frequency Distributions

These flashcards cover key concepts related to frequency distributions in statistics, including definitions, graphical representations, and types of distributions.

Frequency Distribution

A table that shows how frequently each value of a variable occurs among a set of measured objects.

Relative Frequency

The frequency of a particular value expressed as a percentage of the total number of observations.

Cumulative Frequency

A running total of frequencies that indicates how many observations occur up to and including each value.

Cumulative Relative Frequency

The cumulative frequency divided by the total number of observations, expressed as a percentage.

Histogram

A graphical representation of frequency distributions using bars to represent the frequency of each value.

Frequency Polygon

A line graph that connects the midpoints of the tops of the bars in a histogram, showing the frequency distribution.

Grouped Data

Data that is summarized into intervals or ranges rather than individual values.

J-shaped Distribution

A distribution with most observations concentrated at one end and a tail extending in the other direction.

Skewed Distribution

A distribution that is not symmetrical, where data values tend to cluster on one side of the mean.

Normal Distribution

A bell-shaped distribution that is symmetrical about the mean, where most observations cluster at the central peak.

Empirical Frequency Distribution

A frequency distribution based on a finite number of observations.

Theoretical Frequency Distribution

A distribution based on an infinite number of observations, often represented as continuous.

Pie Chart

A circular chart divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportions, where the size of each slice represents the relative frequency of a category.