CO₂ Transport by Erythrocytes

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4 Terms

1
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How is CO₂ transported in the blood?

As dissolved CO₂, as bicarbonate ions, and bound to hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin.

2
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What enzyme catalyzes CO₂ conversion in erythrocytes?

Carbonic anhydrase converts CO₂ and water into carbonic acid, which dissociates into bicarbonate and protons.

3
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How does chloride shift help CO₂ transport?

Bicarbonate leaves the red blood cell in exchange for chloride ions to maintain electrical neutrality.

4
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How is CO₂ released in the lungs?

The process reverses: bicarbonate enters the cell, converts back to CO₂, and diffuses out to be exhaled.