Untitled Flashcards Set

Hernandez v. Texas

A 1954 Supreme Court case that ruled that Mexican Americans were entitled to the same protections under the 14th Amendment as other racial groups.

Plessy v. Ferguson

An 1896 Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the 'separate but equal' doctrine.

Hector P. Garcia

A civil rights leader who founded the American G.I. Forum to address the concerns of Hispanic veterans.

Brown v. Board of Education

A landmark 1954 Supreme Court case that declared racially segregated public schools unconstitutional.

Cesar Chavez

A civil rights activist who co-founded the United Farm Workers and advocated for labor rights for farmworkers.

Thurgood Marshall

The first African American Supreme Court Justice and an attorney who played a key role in the Brown v. Board of Education case.

Dolores Huerta

A labor leader and civil rights activist who co-founded the United Farm Workers with Cesar Chavez.

Martin Luther King, Jr.

A prominent leader in the American civil rights movement known for his nonviolent protests and famous 'I Have a Dream' speech.

Chicano Mural Movement

An artistic movement that emerged in the 1960s advocating for Chicano rights through murals in public spaces.

Rosa Parks

An activist known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott after refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger.

American Indian Movement

A civil rights organization founded in 1968 that advocates for the rights and sovereignty of Native American people.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

A 1955-1956 protest against racial segregation on public buses initiated by Rosa Parks' arrest.

Delgado v. Bastrop (1948)

A court case that ruled against the segregation of Mexican American children in Texas public schools.

Sit-in

A form of protest where participants occupy a place and refuse to leave, often used during the civil rights movement.

Freedom Riders

Civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961 to challenge racial segregation.

March on Washington

A massive protest for civil rights held in 1963, where Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his 'I Have a Dream' speech.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Legislation that outlaws discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Little Rock Nine

A group of nine African American students who enrolled at Little Rock Central High School in 1957, facing severe backlash.

NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, a civil rights organization founded in 1909.

Voting Rights Act 1965

A landmark piece of federal legislation that prohibits racial discrimination in voting.

Malcolm X

A civil rights leader who advocated for black empowerment and was known for his more radical approaches compared to Martin Luther King, Jr.

Black Panthers

A political organization founded in 1966 to challenge police brutality and promote social justice for African Americans.

Betty Friedan

A leading feminist author and activist, best known for her book 'The Feminine Mystique' which sparked the second wave of feminism.

Title IX

A federal law passed in 1972 that prohibits sex-based discrimination in federally funded education programs and activities.

Affirmative action

Policies that aim to improve opportunities for historically excluded groups in education and employment.

Equal Rights Amendment

A proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution aimed at guaranteeing equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex.