Smoking and Health Including Vitamins A, C & E

These flashcards cover key concepts related to smoking and its impact on health, particularly focusing on the effects on vitamins A, C, and E.

Oxidative Stress

A condition characterized by excessive free radicals that can lead to cellular damage, exacerbated by smoking.

Antioxidants

Substances like vitamins A, C, and E that protect cells from oxidative stress and free radical damage.

Vitamin A

An essential nutrient that helps maintain respiratory tissues and acts as an antioxidant in the lungs.

Xerophthalmia

A progressive eye disease caused by vitamin A deficiency, leading to night blindness and potential blindness.

Scurvy

A disease resulting from vitamin C deficiency, causing symptoms like bleeding gums and poor wound healing.

Vitamin E

A fat-soluble antioxidant that protects lung cell membranes and helps reduce inflammation in airways.

Smoking Cessation

The most effective recommendation for health improvement, referring to quitting smoking.

Historical Use of Tobacco

Originally used by Native Americans for religious and healing purposes before spreading to Europe in the late 15th century.

Lung Inflammation

A condition exacerbated by smoking, where vitamin A can help modulate inflammatory responses.

Citrus Fruits

Fruits like oranges and grapefruits, recognized for their high vitamin C content.

Collagen Synthesis

The process that vitamin C enhances for repairing lung tissues damaged by smoking.

Beta-Carotene

A precursor to vitamin A found in sweet potatoes and carrots, important for eye health.

Hemolytic Anemia in Newborns

A condition in premature infants caused by severe vitamin E deficiency, leading to rapid red blood cell destruction.

Muscle Weakness

A potential result of vitamin E deficiency caused by oxidative damage.

Regular Check-ups

Recommended for smokers to monitor their vitamin levels and overall health.