Jap- Text types, conjugations, particles

what are the six characteristics of a letter

1. date (including year)

2. address person

3. greeting (こんにちは、おげんきですか)

4. またてがみをかきます。(I will write another letter- end)

5. say goodbye

6. from (your name) リアノンより。

what are the three features of an article

1. title

2. your name

3. i want to talk about... ( についてかこうとおもいます。)

what are the three features of a speech

1. title

2. i want to talk about... (についてはなそうとおもいます。)

3. Thank you for listening. (これでおわります。ありがとうございました。)

what is particle は for

indicates subject- emphasises what comes after

what is particle が for

indicates subject- emphasises what comes before

what is particle の for

posessive marker

what is particle も for

also/too (replace は)

what is particle を for

shows when you're directly doing something (the verb) to something else (the object)

what is particle に for

shows what an action is directed to, and also shows destination, direction, place and time.

what is particle へ for

like particle に, emphasises destination (heading towards)

what is particle で for

"by way of" / "at" - where and how an action takes place

what is particle か for

question marker- acts as question mark

what is particle と for

used to list nouns

what is particle ね for

"isn't it"- ask for confirmation

い、ち、り --->

って

び、み、に -->

んで

き-->

いて

ぎ -->

いで

します-->

して

きます-->

きて

行きます-->

いって

if there is one character before ます?

drop ます add て

て form of い adjectives?

くて

て form of な adjectives?

で

group 1 ない form?

change い sound to あ sound (exception い-->わ)

group 2 ない form?

add ない (when there is え sound before ます)

ない form of あります

ない

how to change い adj to ない form

drop い, add くない

how to change な adj to ない form

drop な, add でない or じゃない

how to conjugate group 1 plain form

replace い sound before ます with う sound

how to conjugate group 2 plain form

remove ます and add る (for when there is an え sound before ます, or one hiragana before ます）

します plain form

する

きます plain form

くる

です plain form

だ