Dental Anatomy - Exam 1

Flashcards covering dental anatomy terminology, tooth classifications, numbering systems, and periodontal structures based on the ORBG 5005 lecture notes.

Primary Dentition

Also known as deciduous teeth; consists of a total of $20$ teeth with $5$ teeth per quadrant. NO PREMOLARS

Mixed Dentition

The stage of dentition occurring approximately between the ages of $6$ and $12\text{ years}$.

6 year molars (1st molars) erupt first

Tuberosity Area

The anatomical area located behind the maxillary molars.

Retromolar Area

The anatomical area located behind the mandibular molars.

Succedaneous

A permanent tooth that replaces a primary tooth, specifically incisors, canines, and premolars.

Non-succedaneous

Permanent teeth that do not replace primary teeth, specifically the $1\text{st}$, $2\text{nd}$, and $3\text{rd}$ molars.

Palmer Notation

A system where each quadrant has a bracket indicating location followed by a number $1$ to $8$.

International System

A two-digit numbering system where the first number indicates the quadrant ($1$ to $4$) and the second number indicates the tooth ($1$ to $8$, starting from the central incisor).

Attached Gingiva

Gingiva that is bound to the underlying alveolar bone.

Free Gingiva

A collar of thin gingiva that surrounds each tooth.

Alveolus

The socket or cavity where the root of the tooth is held.

Periodontium

The collective tissues that anchor, support, and protect the teeth, including gingiva, cementum, alveolar bone, and PDL.

Cementum

The tooth tissue that covers the root surface.

Periodontal Ligament (PDL)

Fibers that connect the cementum on the tooth root to the alveolar bone, anchoring the tooth into the socket.

Anatomic Crown

The portion of the tooth covered by enamel.

Anatomic Root

The portion of the tooth covered by cementum.

Tongue - filiform

Gray, threadlike. TOUCH

Tongue - fungiform

Red, globular. TASTE

Tongue - circumvallate

Larger papillae in posterior tongue. TASTE

Marginal ridge

Along the borders of enamel; form mesial and distal margins

Transverse ridges

Where buccal and lingual ridge join

Oblique ridge

Maxillary molars only. Union of distobuccal cusp and the distal cusp ridge of the mesiolingual cusp

Cingulum

Bulge of enamel on cervical third of lingual surface

Line angle / point angle

See photo

Anatomic vs clinical crown

See photo

T/F The only anterior tooth that is lacking a cingulum is the mandibular lateral incisor

False - all anterior teeth have a cingulum

The attachment apparatus consists of: 

alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament

non - succedaneous teeth:

permanent maxillary molar , primary maxillary first premolar

Which teeth have two lingual fossae separated by a lingual ridge?

all canines

A permanent second premolar replaces which primary tooth: 

primary second molar

permanent anterior teeth height of contour

cervical third

mandibular lateral incisor facial view

mesial side of crown is often linger than the distal, causing incisal ridge to slope downward (helps distinguish right and left)

general features of premolars and molars

see photo

T/F mandibular second premolars can have 2 or 3 cusps

T

size comparison of premolars

maxillary - first premolar is larger than second. Opposite is true of mandibular premolars

maxillary first premolar roots

only premolar to have 2 roots / bifurcation of roots (buccal and lingual). First premolars are succedaneous to primary molars

what tooth has a distinct mesial root concavity, extending from contact area to root bifurcation

maxillary first premolar

general features of maxillary molars

as viewed from the occlusal, they are wider buccolingually than mesiodistally; mandibular molars are the opposite (wider mesiodistally than buccolingually). They are non-succedaneous (erupt distal to primary second molars). Has oblique ridge

how many cusp ridges make a cusp?

4

where is the cusp of carabelli located?

lingual surface of ML cusp (1st molars only)

what molars have oblique ridges?

maxillary molars

what molars are bifucated?

Mandibular molars (M and D roots). Usually 3 pulp canals (MB and ML canal in the same root).

features of mandibular first molars

5 cusps: MB, DB, ML, DL, Distal. Usually first permanent teeth to erupt (“6 year molars”)

features of mandibular second molars

smaller than mandibular first molars. 4 cusps: MB, ML, DB, DL; no small distal cusp. Bifurcated