Kinetics Exam II Crosswords

For a certain drug, R needs to be __________ in patients who metabolize the drug faster than normal

increased

R represents the _______ rate, in mg/h

infusion

Css is typically the _________ concentration in drug therapy

target

The time to reach Css depends only on this

half-life

The pharmacokinetic process that prevents the attainment of immediate Css for drugs following multi-compartment kinetics

distribution

With IV infusion, drugs can be administered at a _______ rate, resulting in decreased ADRs

slower

The type of dose used to rapidly achieve Css

loading

This pharmacokinetic parameter can be calculated is one knows R and the Css

clearance

The time for Cp to reach >95% of Css is _____ half-lives

five

If the rate of infusion of a drug is doubled, the Css of the drug will ________

double

The kinetic order of drug infusion

zero

The type of bioavailability that, for the same drug, relates an oral route with the IV route

absolute

The ______ of absorption influences ka

site

In a flip-flop model, the residuals line represents which pharmacokinetics process

elimination

The rate of absorption for controlled release preparations

constant

Ka is the ______ rate contstant

absorption

A route that represents extravascular administration

rectal

The method of residuals assumes ______ order absorption

first

An important site of first-pass effect

liver

The time delay in absorption following the ingestion of an enteric-coated tablet

lag

Increasing the dose of a drug will ______ Cmax

increase

The time at which Cmax is reached

Tmax

Two brands of the same drug are said to be _______ if they have similar F rel

bioequivalent

F=1, regardless of the dose

intravenous

May affect the ka if a drug is taken with this

food

The fraction of the administered dose of a drug that reaches systemic circulation

bioavailability

The concentration of a drug when Ra=Re

steady state

Urinary pH is increased to increase the renal clearance of ________ drugs

acidic

The slope of the urinary rate versus average Cp graph is which type of clearance

renal

The glomerular filtration rate is proportional to the concentration of _______ drug in plasma

free

A useful clinical indicator of renal function

creatinine

Constant for drugs that undergo zero-order kinetics

elimination rate

Due to their rich blood supply, the kidneys and liver are usually considered part of this compartment

central

Clearance is a _________ pharmacokinetics parameter

primary

The volume of fluid cleared of a drug per unit time

clearance

A biological sample that is required for determining Clr (renal clearance)

urine

The excretion mechanism by which most drugs are excreted

filtration

A(n) _______ in Vd can result in a decrease in k

increase

Drug interactions can occur via competitive inhibition of this active process in the renal tubules

secretion

Ke is the ____________ rate constant

excretion

Results in a drug's Clr (renal clearance) < ClCr (creatinine clearance)

reabsorption

A decrease in Ra results in a ______ in Re

decrease