Cell biology

What is the function of the nucleus?

The nucleus controls cell activities and contains genetic material (DNA).

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A prokaryotic cell is a type of cell that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, typically smaller than eukaryotic cells.

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A eukaryotic cell is a type of cell that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as plants, animals, and fungi.

What are the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller, have no nucleus, and lack organelles; eukaryotic cells are larger, have a nucleus, and contain organelles.

What are organelles?

Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions, such as mitochondria for energy production.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell, providing protection and structural support.

What is magnification?

Magnification is the process of enlarging the apparent size of an object through a microscope.

How is magnification calculated?

Magnification is calculated by dividing the image size by the actual size of the specimen.

What are the types of microscopes?

Common types include light microscopes and electron microscopes, each offering different resolutions and magnifications.

What is mitosis?

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.

What is osmosis?

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

What is active transport?

Active transport is the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy, usually in the form of ATP.

What factors can affect cell transport?

Factors include temperature, concentration gradients, and the type of molecule being transported.

What is the function of mitochondria?

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell, generating ATP through respiration.

What is the significance of surface area to volume ratio in cells?

A higher surface area to volume ratio allows more efficient transport of materials into and out of the cell.

What is the role of ribosomes?

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.

What is diffusion?

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells?

The cell wall provides structural support and protection and helps maintain the shape of the cell.

What is chloroplast's function?

Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.