Transcription Regulation in Eukaryotes

These flashcards cover key concepts of transcription regulation in eukaryotes as presented in the lecture notes.

What is the significance of regulating gene expression in plants and animals?

It allows for the development of different cell types and responses to environmental changes.

What are enhancers and silencers in transcription regulation?

They are DNA sequences that bind transcription factors, which can act as activators or repressors to regulate transcription initiation.

What are two mechanisms that regulate transcription initiation in eukaryotes?

1. Activator via TFIID; 2. Activator via Mediator.

What is genomic equivalence?

The concept that all cells in an organism contain the same genetic material.

Which transcription factor is involved in binding to the TATA sequence in the core promoter?

The general transcription factor TFIID.

What role do histone modifications play in transcription regulation?

They establish a 'histone code' that affects transcription by altering chromatin structure.

What is combinatorial control in gene expression?

The regulation of transcription by multiple regulatory sequences per gene.

How do ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes affect transcription?

They change the position and composition of nucleosomes to allow transcription to occur.

What is the core promoter?

A sequence of DNA that is necessary for the initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase.

What is the role of the Mediator in transcription?

The Mediator complex helps to facilitate the interaction between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II.