Final exam human resources management

Trend analysis

Forecast labor demand based on an organizational index such as sales

Management forecasts

Opinions (judgments) of supervisors, department managers, experts, or others knowledgeable about the organization’s future employment needs

Delphi technique

Attempts to decrease the
subjectivity of forecasts by soliciting and summarizing the judgments of a preselected group of individuals

Skill inventories

Files of personnel education, experience, interests, and skills that
allow managers to quickly match job openings with employee backgrounds

Replacement charts

Listings of current jobholders and people who are potential replacements if an opening occurs

Succession Planning

Process of identifying, developing, and tracking key individuals for executive positions

Human Capital Readiness

Evaluating the availability of critical
talent in a company and comparing it to
the organization's supply. Any difference between the number and quality of employees needed and employees available represents a gap that must be filled

Strategic planning process

The process of defining organizational strategy, or direction, and allocating resources toward its achievement

Employment Equity Act

It’s a Federal legislation that applies to 1) all federally regulated employers with 100 or more employees, or 2) any organization with more than 100
employees who do more than $1 million
dollar worth of business with the federal
government (i.e., Federal Contractors
Program

Who are the designated groups?

Women, indigenous people, people with disabilities and minorities

Slurs, jokes, written or verbal abuse, threats, and touching without consent, are all examples of ________

Sexual harassment

Joba Analysis

The process of collecting information about jobs by determining the duties, tasks, or activities of jobs

_______________ Identifies the human attributes (knowledge,
skills, abilities) required to perform the job

Job analysis

Job description

A statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job to be performed

Job specification

A statement of the needed knowledge, skills, and abilities of the person who is to perform the job

Job design

An outgrowth of job analysis that improves jobs through technological and human considerations to enhance an organization efficiency and employee job satisfaction

Job enrichment

Enhancing a job by adding more meaningful
tasks and duties to make the work more
rewarding or satisfying

Job characteristics model

Job design theory that purports that three psychological states (experiencing meaningfulness of the work performed, responsibility for work outcomes, and knowledge of the results of the work performed) of a jobholder result in improved work performance, internal motivation, and lower absenteeism and turnover

What are the 5 core job dimensions of the job characteristics model?

Skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy and feedback

Informing applicants about all aspects of the job, including both its desirable and undesirable facets is the definition of_________

Realistic job previews

__________ is an equation used measures how well a candidate meet the job requirements

Quality-to-fill statistics

The number of days from when a job opening is approved to the date the candidate is selected is known for _______

Time-to-fill

Yield ratio

The percentage of applicants from a recruitment source that make it to the next stage in the selection process

Targeted recruitment

Recruitment strategies that meet diversity objectives through outreach to underused groups to maintain diverse representation in an applicant pool

What is the goal of selection?

To predict who will succeed and hire them!

When you accurate predict when a person would not have been able to succeed on the job you say that you had a ____________ hit

True negative

When you are able to accurately predict when a person is successful on the job you say that you had a _________ hit

True positive

When you make a mistake in predictions and the person would have succeeded on the job you say that you had a __________ hit

False negative

When you make a mistake in hiring somebody and the person fails on the job you said that you had a __________ hit

False positive

____________ are completed by candidates for employers to seek
basic information

Application form/blank

____________ are a method for quantitatively combining information
from application blank items by assigning weights that reflect each item’s value in predicting job success

Weighted Application Blanks (WAB)

________ are A pre-selection questionnaire that requires applicants
to provide detailed job related information concerning their personal background and life experiences

Biographical information Blank (BIBs)

The intent of the __________ is to introduce the applicant to the organization through a brief, written self-description

Résume

What are the phases of the Strategic model of Training?

Phase 1: needs assessment, phase 2: design, phase 3:implementation, phase 4: evaluation

Phase 1 of needs assessment consists of 3 parts, what are the 3 parts?

Organization analysis, task analysis and person analysis

Name at least 5 characteristics of the principles of learning

Goals setting; meaningfulness of presentation, modeling, individual learning differences, active practice and repetition, experimental learning, whole-versus-part learning, masses, distributed and continuous learning, feedback and reinforcement

What are the two main purposes of performance appraisal ?

Developmental and administrative

Strategic relevance

Individual standards directly relate to strategic goals

Criterion deficiency

Standards capture all an individual’s contributions

Criterion contamination

Performance capability is not reduced by external factors

Reliability

Standards are quantifiable, measurable, and stable

The _______is when people generalize a positive trait across all aspects of performance

Halo effect

________________ is when all employees are rated average or close to average

Error of central tendency

___________ is when the appraiser tends to give employees either unusually high (leniency) or unusually low (strictness) ratings

Leniency or strictness error

__________ happens when the evaluation is based largely on the employee’s most recent behavior rather than throughout the evaluation period

Temporal (recency) error

When an employee's evaluation is biased either upward or downward because of comparison with another employee just previously evaluated is known as_________

Contrast error

When an appraiser inflates the evaluation of an employee because of a mutual personal connection is called __________

Similar-to-me error

The _______ is used by managers to rate employees according to a scale of characteristics

Graphic rating scales

__________ are based on comparison with (better than, equal to, or worse than) a standard

Mixed standard scales

when employees choose from statements designed
to distinguish between successful and unsuccessful performance you can say that they are engaging on ___________

Forced choice

When employees write long statement, they are engaging in ________

Essays

“The employee arrives at work on time; 1-Never, 2-sometimes, 3-Often, 4-Fairly often, 5-always” this is an example of _______

Behavioral checklist

The ________ is a scale that assesses the performance of new employees or trainees based on well-defined behavioral patterns

Behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)

Sales people - sales volume, production workers -number of units produced, executives- company profits, are all examples of ________

Productivity measures

The process that rates the performance of employees based on their achievement of goals set mutually by them and their manager is known as ________

Management by objectives (MBO)

What are the 4 categories that the Balance Scorecard focuses on?

Financial, customer, process and learning measures

Explain the 360- degree evaluation

Tools to help employees improve performance by using performance
information gathered from many sources: Superiors, Peers, Customers, Direct reports, and Employees. It’s all anonymous and most useful when used for development and not for administrative purposes

Feed-forward interview

Using an interview protocol that focuses on the positive aspects of
employee experiences, instead of focusing on “what is wrong” it helps to 1.Elicit a success story, 2.Uncover the underlying success factors, 3.Extrapolate the past into the future

When it is focused on the employee wages and salaries, incentives, bonuses, and commissions is known as ________

Direct compensation

_________ comprises the many benefits supplied by employers

Indirect compensation

Nonfinancial compensation

Includes employee recognition programs, rewarding jobs, organizational support, work environment, and flexible work hours

___________ captures all three components, plus other aspects of
organizational rewards, including career advancement/developmental
opportunities, recognition, work-life balance, and job security

Total rewards

_________ is the compensation of employees in a way that
enhances motivation and growth while at the same time aligning their efforts with the objectives, philosophies, and culture of the organization

Strategic compensation

Expectancy theory

The idea that Employees should exert greater work effort if they have reason to expect that it will result in a reward that is valued

Equity theory

Explains how people respond to situations in which they feel they
have received less [or more] than they deserve

Compensation strategy of an organization; the worth of the job; the employee’s relative worth; and the employer’s ability to pay is an example of _______________ affecting the pay mix

Internal factors

The conditions of the labour market; area wage rates, cost of living, collective bargaining, and legal requirements are all examples of __________ affecting the pay mix

External factors

Job evaluation

A systematic process of determining the relative worth of jobs to establish which jobs should be paid more than others within an
organization

Job ranking system

The simplest and oldest system of job evaluation by which jobs are
arrayed based on their relative worth

Job classification system

A system of job evaluation in which jobs are classified and
grouped according to a series of predetermined wage grades

Point system

A quantitative job evaluation procedure that determines the relative value of a job by the total points assigned to it

piece work, standard hour plan, bonuses, merit pay, lump-sum merit pay, incentive awards, sales incentives, incentives for professional employees and executive incentives are all examples of __________ plans

Individual

Team compensation, Scanlon plan, improshare are all examples of ________ plans

Group

Profit sharing, stock options, employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) are all examples of _________ plans

Enterprise/organization

Flexible benefit plans

Benefits plans that enable individual
employees to choose the benefits that are best suited to their
needs

What are the 3 employee benefits required by the law ?

Canada and Quebec pension plan (CPP/QPP), Employment insurance (EI),Worker’s compensation insurance

Canada and Quebec pension plans (CPP/QPP)

Both plans require employers to match the contributions made by employees; Retirement pensions, disability benefits, and survivors’ benefits

Employment insurance (EI)

Payable to claimants who are
unemployed and are actively seeking employment; What about employees who resign from their jobs or who are
terminated for cause?

Workers’ compensation insurance

Insurance provided to workers to defray the loss of income and cost of treatment
resulting from work-related injuries or illness. The system is no fault

Healthcare benefits

Employers are under pressure to
include prescription drugs as well as dental, optical, and mental healthcare benefits

Payment for time not worked

Additional vacation time, personal use days, severance pay (payment depends on length of service), sick leave (most
employers offer short- and long-term disability plans)

Life insurance

Group life insurance is the
benefit most provided by an employer; it
provides financial security to the
dependents of the employee in case of the employee’s death

Pension plans

Used to supplement the
protection provided by government-sponsored programs

Contributory plan

Contributions are made jointly by employees and employers

Non-contributory plan

Contributions are made solely by the employer

Defined-benefit plan

The amount an employee is to receive on retirement is specifically set forth

Defined-contribution plan

Establishes the basis on which an employer will contribute to the pension fund

Vesting

A guarantee of accrued benefits to
participants at retirement age, regardless of their employment status at the time

Employee assistance programs

Services provided by employers to help workers cope with a wide variety of problems that interfere with the way they perform their jobs

occupational injury

Any cut, fracture, sprain, or amputation
resulting from a workplace accident or from an exposure involving
an accident in the work environment

Occupational illness

Any abnormal condition or disorder, other
than one resulting from an occupational injury, caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment (includes COVID-19)

Due diligence

Includes establishing a comprehensive
occupational health and safety management system; providing
competent supervision, training, and instruction; and taking every
reasonable precaution in the workplace for the health and safety of
workers

True or false: Workers have the right to refuse unsafe work without
fear of reprisal

True

Joint health and safety committee (JHSC)

The point of these joint committees is to establish a non- adversarial climate for creating safe and healthy workplaces

Workplace hazardous materials information systems include ________,______,_______

gas cylinders (for gases under pressure), corrosion (for corrosive damage to metals, as well as skins and eyes), skull and crossbones (can cause death or toxicity with short exposure to small amounts)

Eustress

Positive stress that accompanies
achievement and exhilaration

Distress

Harmful stress characterized by a
loss of feelings of security and adequacy

Burnout

The most severe stage of distress,
manifesting itself in depression, frustration, and loss of productivity

Common law of employment

The body of case law in which courts interpret employment contracts and the legal principles taken from those cases

employment equity legislation, pay equity
legislation, employment standards legislation) are all examples of _______

Statutory employment regulation