The process by which the endocrine system regulates and controls various physiological functions in the body through the secretion of hormones.
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Hormones
Chemical messengers that are produced by endocrine glands and are transported through the bloodstream to target cells or organs.
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Endocrine Glands
Glands that produce hormones and release them directly into the bloodstream.
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Functions of Hormonal Coordination
Hormonal coordination plays a crucial role in regulating growth and development, metabolism, reproduction, and response to stress.
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Target cells
Cells that have specific receptors for a hormone and are affected by it.
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Auxins
Plant hormone that stimulates growth
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Auxins as weed killers
Spraying auxin onto plants can trigger uncontrolled growth and kill them
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Phototropism
Plant's response to light
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Geotropism
Plant's response to gravity
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auxin response to light in the shoot
Auxin moves to unlit side of shoot, causing cells to grow more and shoot bends towards light
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Auxin and even light distribution
Auxin has even distribution, causing shoot to grow evenly - straight up
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Auxin response to gravity in the root
Auxin gathers on lower side, causing root to grow more on side with least auxin and bend downwards
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Auxin in the shoot
Auxin gathers on lower side, causing shoot to grow more on side with most auxin and bend upwards
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Gibberellins
Plant hormone important in initiating seed germination, it initiates amylase enzyme production which breaks down starch into glucose to be used in respiration to release energy for growth
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Different ways to use gibberellins
Used in brewing industry, to promote flowering, and to increase fruit size
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Using ethene
Used to control ripening of fruit - causes fruit to ripen quicker
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Endocrine System
A system of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions.
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Pituitary Gland
A pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain that controls growth and development and regulates other endocrine glands.
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Thyroid Gland
A butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck that produces hormones that regulate metabolism and growth.
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Blood glucose levels
The amount of glucose present in the blood at any given time.
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Blood glucose levels
The amount of glucose present in the blood at a given time.
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Insulin
A hormone released by the pancreas that helps regulate blood glucose levels by increasing the permeability of liver and muscle cells, allowing glucose to diffuse in.
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Glycogen
A soluble substance that glucose is converted into in order to return blood glucose levels to normal after they have increased
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Glucagon
A hormone released by the pancreas that helps regulate blood glucose levels by converting glycogen back into glucose, which diffuses into the bloodstream.
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Auxins
Hormone found in plants that stimulates growth in plants.
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Auxins as weed killers
By spraying auxin onto the leaves of a plant, it can trigger rapid, uncontrolled growth, killing them.
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Phototropism
A plant's response to light.
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Geotropism
A plant's response to gravity.
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Auxins response to uneven light
Auxin moves to the unlit side of the shoot, the cells respond by growing more so the shoot bends due to weight, towards the light.
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Auxin and even light distribution
Auxin will also have an even distribution, so the shoot grows evenly.
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Auxin in the root
Auxin gathers on the lower side, the root grows more on the side with least auxin, making it bend due to gravity and grow downwards, after it has grown down, the auxin becomes evenly spread.
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