the easy stuff for dental anatomy unit 2omy

how many canines are in the permanent dentition

4

canines function

Support lip and facial muscles,

Cut/ sheer food,

& Protective (canine guidance)

the variations in canines

burficated root and shovel shaped canine

shovel shaped canine has

Very prominent marginal ridges

Bifurcated root has 

Labial and lingual roots

4 most anterior teeth of each arch

incisors

incisors function

Cutting of food,

articulation of speech,

supporting the lip

2 types of incisors

central & lateral

varitations in incisors

shovel shaped & peg laterals

shovel shaped incisors

Maxillary incisors with prominent marginal ridges
Common in those of Asian descent as well as Native Americans

peg laterals

Maxillary lateral incisors with conical shape
‐ 1-2% of population
‐ Developed from 1 lobe instead of 4
‐ May be related to gene that results in missing maxillary laterals (1.91%)
‐ Can also have peg central incisors but this is very rare

Premolars in the permanent 
● Function 

○ Maintaining vertical dimension

 ○ Sheering food 
○ Supporting the corner of the mouth 

Most premolars develop from 4 
lobes except  

SOME mandibular second premolars - 5 lobes

More cervical on the distal except on 

mandibular first premolar 

Marginal ridges are horizontal except  

mandibular first premolars

Triangular ridges join to form transverse ridges 
but 

○ Ridges do not line up on three cusp mandibular second premolars 

Central groove separates the buccal and lingual cusp  except on

mandibular first premolars 

Mandibular premolars are

squarered or round 

Maxillary premolars are 

more oval or rectangular 

TRAITS OF INCISORS 
‐ 4 Developmental lobes 

‐ Mesial 
‐ Middle 
‐ Distal 
‐ Lingual

Wedge shaped crowns 
‐ “S” shaped lingual contour 

all incisors & canines

Maxillary incisors Roots are widest cervically 
  EXCEPT  

maxillary central incisors 

 

Almost always mesial marginal ridge groove 

Maxillary First Premolar 

Mandibular First Premolar occlusal’s  have  

 “H” or “U” groove pattern 

Mandibular Second Premolar grove pattern

“Y” groove pattern on 3 cusp type 

distolingaula twist

promitnet lingual side

macillary lateral incisors have

crown tip is POinty 

lingual i side is not shallow 

maxillary canines

less systrmical (look at the root)

has distolingual twist

madndibular lateral incisors

less pointed csup 

shallow not promitetn lingual side

mandibular caninces 

how to determine lefrt or tiht 

look at it at the facail aspect

once you determine if its maxaillry or mandiubular, stand it up on how it would look in the mouth

look wear the root tilts (it wlasy tils to wards the distal)

2 roots

distal cusp is the shorter side

BOTH sides are close in height to make occulsal tbale

maxillary 1 st preolmats

distal cusp is the shorter side

BOTH sides are close in height to make occulsal tbale

maiallry 2nd premolars

does not have a cingulum but instead a csusps so dont confuse it for a canine !!

CUSPS ARE NO THIGH ENOUGH TO MAKE AN OCCULSAL TABLE

mandibular 1st premolar

root is curvy

HAS 3 CUSPS

manidular 2nd premolars

Narrower in the lingual half mesiodistally except

 3 cusp mandibular second premolars

More rounded on distal incisal edge EXCEPT on

mandibular centrals

Heights of contour

○ Buccal- cervical third

○ Lingual - middle third

○ Mesial-Junction of middle and occlusal thirds*

○ Distal middle third* EXCEPT

mandibular first premolars

Shorter crowns than anterior teeth

Second premolar is shorter than first premolar

petaognal shape?

canines  & Mandibular Second Premolar

  have longer roots relative to their crown

Mandibular incisors 

Rectangular crown shape

incisors