Unit 2. U.S history

Republic

the system of government where voters elect representatives to act for them.

Democracy

rule by the people.

Federalism

a religious belief that all members of society should practice the religious.

Impeachment

a legislative body or other legally constitued tribunal initiates charges against a public official for misconduct.

Veto

The refusal of a president to sign a bill.

Judicial Review

the ability of the us supreme court.

Null and Void

Canceled, having no force or power.

Ratification

To approve a legally binding act.

Great Compromise

The Plan-giving congress two houses.

Tariff

Taxes on imports or exports

Necessary and Proper Clause

The clause in the constitution giving congress the authority to make laws.

Capitalism

The economic system whereby individuals own capital.

Impressment

The act of coercing someone into service.

Proclamation of Neutrality

A statement declaring the united states would not take sides.

Sedition

Speech or actions encouraging protest and rebellion.

Strict construction/interpretation

Interpreting the Constitution exactly as written.

Loose construction/interpretation

Interpreting the constitution broadly.

April 1775 to October 1781.

The American Revolution lasted from when to when?

Second continental congress

What was the first US government?

The first law of the land.

What were the Articles of Confederation?

have a good set up to political affairs.

Explain the limitations of the AofC.

The success of Articles of Confederation.

Explain the significance of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.

Massachusetts farmers who are patriots that fought the American Revolution.

How did Shay's Rebellion lead to the call for a new government?

Started after.

Were the Articles of Confederation ratified before or after the American Revolution?

The States

Who held the majority of the power under the Articles?

1. Allow congress to appoint temporary government officials.

2. Establish an elected state legislature.

3. Draft a stat constitution.

3 requirements to join the country:

federal

Only _____________ government can coin money.

tax

States and federal government can _________.

Supreme Court

___________ __________ Decides disputes between states.

3/4ths

Changes to the Constitution approved by _____________ of states.

9

New states admitted by approval of ____ states

President

_______________________ As an executive.

To fix the articles of confederation.

What was the goal of the Constitutional Convention?

To set out the basic framework of the government and established justice.

Explain the organization of the Constitution.

Republicanism, Check and Balances, Seperational Powers, Individual rights, Federalism, Popular sovereignty, and Limited government.

What are the 7 principles of the Constitution?

27

How many amendments are there?

Legislative that makes the laws.

What are the branches of government?

Judicial Review, Judicial Appointments, Presidential Nominees, Treaties Impeachment, Federalism, and Individual rights.

Examples of checks and balances?

three branches of government.

What did the New Jersey Plan call for?

they protect the power of states to govern themselves.

Why are states rights so important?

the delegates could not agree on it and feared it would divide the states.

Why was slavery not addressed in the Constitution?

creating the three-fifths compromise, counting three-fifths of enslaved people for representation and taxation.

How did the states compromise on slavery and representation?

Two-house legislature with representatives from each state. Large states.

What did the Virginia Plan propose and who did it appeal to?

Republic: Vote for elected officials.

Democracy: Vote every single laws and actions of the federal government.

Compare a republic with a democracy.

The people who supported ratifying the constitution.

Who were the Federalists?

The people against ratification of the constitution.

Who were the Anti-Federalists?

They were worried the constitution did not do enough to protect the rights of people.

Explain why the Anti-federalists insisted on a Bill of rights added to the Constitution.

The Farmers

Who made up the Anti-Federalists?

Businessman, people who live in the cities

Who made up the federalists?

The early stages of ratification are nine out of 13. 5 states say "yes". They believe It didn't do enough to protect the rights.

Describe the early stages of ratification.

Federalist Papers

written to persuade the legislature of the hold-out state of New York to ratify the constitution.

They believe/support the constitution would create a good government.

What did the federalist believe/support?

states' rights and wanted the states to have more power.

What did the Anti-federalist support?

First Amendment

Freedom of speech, Freedom of religion

Second Amendment

The right to bear arms.

Third Amendment

Americans can't forced US soldiers to live unless it's an emergency.

Fourth Amendment

Government agents like the police cannot search or seize property without warrants.

Fifth Amendment

Not being able to try people over and over for the same crime.

Sixth Amendment

Holding secret trials.

Seventh Amendment

Have the right to a trial by jury.

Eighth Amendment

The government cannot use cruel punishments and must treat fairly.

Ninth Amendment

The rights in the bill of rights are not the only rights americans have.

Tenth Amendment

All government powers not given by the constitution to the federal government belong to the states.

wanted it to be a nation of small farmers, and would be a mix of agriculture industry, and commerce.

Compare what Jefferson and Hamilton though the new country's economy would be built upon.

good and services a country can provide, laws to protect the property, and free markets society.

How does Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations view the economy and Capitalism?

A plan to help pay off the national debt, and promote policies to encourage economic growth in the country.

Explain Hamilton's role as Secretary of Treasurer.

Advice washington on foreign policy.

Explain Jefferson's role as Secretary of State.

to raise much-needed money, help american industries, and increase the cost of imported goods.

Why did Hamilton support tariffs?

National Bank

Print money, control the supply of money, and make loans to businesses.

He didn't believe the government had the right to open one.

Why did Jefferson oppose the National Bank?

farmers refused to pay the tax, set fire to a tax collector's house, and the rebellion ended.

Explain the cause and effect of the Whiskey tax.

the new government had the power to enforce its laws and would use it.

What did the response to the Whiskey Rebellion prove?

Provent Europe, and did not stop the impressment.

What was the purpose of Jay's Treaty?

Use treaties to give west, forced to use the west, and wanted Native Americans to adopt American culture.

Explain Washington's policy toward Native Americans.

Expressed his view the united states should stay neutral, believed in a good government based on religion, and warned about the dangers of political parties.

Describe the message of Washington's Farewell Address.

Federalists: Stay out of the French Revolution

Jefferson: Support the French Revolution

Compare/Contrast the issues of the two parties.