Ethics final
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34 Terms
ensoulment
male embryos are given a soul 40 days after conception and female after 90 days
quickening
when the mother first detects fetal movement
conception
the merging of a sperm cell and an ovum into a single cell. Also called fertilization
viability
the stage of fetal development at which the fetus is able to survive outside the uterus
Abortion
the ending of a pregnancy
induced abortion
the deliberate termination of a pregnancy by surgical or medical (drugs) means
spontaneous abortions
unintentional terminations of pregnancy
miscarriages
Therapeutic abortion
an abortion to protect the life or health of the mother or because the fetus has a medical condition that will result in death before or shortly after birth
medical abortion
the usage of drugs to terminate pregnancy. Within the first 7 weeks.
suction curettage (vacuum aspiration)
first 12 weeks of pregnancy when ~ 90% of abortion are performed
uses a vacuum syringe, machine, or hand pump to suction out the contents of the uterus
dilation and evacuation
after 12 weeks
forceps/suction is used to extract the fetus
Roe v. Wade
1973 supreme court case made abortions before viability legal
Euthanasia
Directly or indirectly bringing about the death of another person. It is thought to provide a benefit for the person by ending a life deemed no longer worth living.
voluntary euthanasia
the patient requests or agrees to the act
patients must be rational and competent at the time of consent
Advance directives
legal documents that allow individuals to express their wishes regarding medical care
nonvoluntary euthanasia
family, physicians, close friends choose euthanasia for the patient because they are not competent and have left no instructions
involuntary euthanasia
the patient is euthanized against their wishes
active euthanasia
taking a direct action to kill someone
administering a lethal injection
passive euthanasia
allowed someone to die by withholding or withdrawing measures necessary for sustaining life q
physician-assisted suicide
the killing of a person by the person’s own hand with the help of a physician