Biology Unit 3 Sac1

operator

binding site for a repressor

promoter

binding site for RNA polymerase

structures of a protein

4

secondary structure

alpha helix, random coil

primary structure

amino acid sequence

tertiary structure

irregular folding held by ionic or hydrogen bonds

transcription

occurs in nucleus

translation

occurs in the ribosomes,

restriction enzyme/endonuclease

cuts DNA

CRISPR

clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat

DNA Polymerase

make copies of DNA

operon

a group of linked structural genes

DNA manipulation

polymerase to synthesise DNA, ligase to join DNA, endonucleases to cut DNA

structural genes

genes that code for a protein

TRP operon

amino acid used to build protein

helicase

unzips DNA to a single strand

DNA polymerase

add free nucleotides to the DNA template

primase

synthesise DNA primers

topoisomerase

makes small reversible cuts in the DNA

denature

heating the DNA to break the hydrogen bonds

anneal

binding primers complementary (low temp)