BIO- Unit 3C Final prep

What are the 4 eras of earth

Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

What happened in the precambrian era

Earht formed, first cells, 02 in atmosphere

What happened in the Paleozoic era

Pangaea super continent

what happened in the mesozoic era

Pangaea splits apart, dinosaur era

what happened in the Cenozoic era

modern human era

what is the correct order of events?

earth forms→atmosphere forms→first macromolecules form→protocells evolve→DNA evolves→first prokaryotes→02 in atmoshpere→first eukaryotes

What are the 3 layers of the earth

Core, mantle, crust

What does the lithospjere consist of

solid upper mantle + crust

What are plate tectonics

lithoshere broken into large slabs

What are the different ways tectonic plates move

Divergent, convergent, or transform

What results from tectonic plates moving/colliding

volcanos, mountain ranges, earthquakes

What is a supercontinent and how do they form

All landmasses comibed into one formed by tectonic plates moving/colliding

What is continental drift

seperation of continents due to movement of tectonic plates

how does continental drift lead to more diversity in species

random mutations

What gases were present in earth’s early atmosphere

Water vapor, nitrogen, ammonia, carbon dioxide, methore, carbon monoxide

what important gas was not present in earth’s early atmospere

Oxygen

What are the 4 macro molecules of life

nuecleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids

which macromolecules evolved first

protiens + RNA

what is it called when inorganic molecules help form organic compounds in macromolecules

Abiotic synthesis

What is a protocell

First life-like structures made of macromolecules

What important item is missing from a protocell

DNA

What process do cyanobacteria undergo

Photosynthesis

Why is the presence in the atmosphere important

helps form ozone layer and allows aerobic organisms to breathe

What does the endosymbiotic theory say

large aerobic prokaryotes allow small aerobic prokaryotes and cyanobacteria to live inside

What were the first 2 cell organelles to evolve

mitochondria + chorloplasts

What are the 7 items of evidence for evolution

molecular similarities, embrylogical development, vestigial structures, homologous structures, analogous structures, biogeography, fossils

what does it mean when DNA sequences are similar in organisms

they are closely related

What do similarities in embryos demonstrate

common acenstory

What is a vestigial structure

parts with no current function

what is a homologous structure

parts with similar development pattern but may have different functions

What is an analogous strucutre

parts with similar functions but developed differently

What are fossils

persevered remains of animal and plant life

What are the 3 types of rock

sediment, sedimentary, and metamorphic

what type of rock are fossils found in

sedimentary

what are the steps to the rock cycle

1) existing rocks blown around by nature

2) rocks become particles

3) particles mix with soil & sink to become sediment

4) sediment stack to become sedimentary

5) high pressure + heat changes rock to metamorphic

6) metamorphic melts to become magma and erupts to form rock again

What is relative dating

ranks objects by comparing the other objects with known ages

what is absolute dating

measuring the actual age of an object

what is radioactive decay

changes one radioactive isotope of an element to a different stable element

what is half life

time for ½ of a radioactive isotope to decay

What is a primate

animals including prosmians, monkeys, apes, humans

what is a hominid

primate group with humans and related context to humans

what are the 4 characteristics a hominid has

bipedal movement, detiton formula, nofied hands, binocular vision

what is bipedal movement

the ability to walk on 2 feet

what does dentition mean

development of having more than one types of teeth

what is an oposable thumb

digit that touches each finger easily

what is binocular vision

2 eyes located in the front of your face

what is monocular vision

vision in both eyes used seperatly

what is the full name for domain

domain eukara

what is the full name for kingdom

kindom animalia

what is the full name for phylum

phylum chordata

what is the full name for class

class mammalia

what is the full name for order

order primate

what is the full name for family

family hominidae

what is the full name for genus

genus: homo

whatthe full name for species

species: sapien

What is the 2-name system used to name organisms

binomial nomenclature