Module 4 Ch18 Part 2

ferritin

protein-containing storage form of iron found in the bone marrow, liver, and spleen

fibrin

insoluble, filamentous protein that forms the structure of a blood clot

fibrinogen

plasma protein produced in the liver and involved in blood clotting

fibrinolysis

gradual degradation of a blood clot

formed elements

cellular components of blood; that is, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets

globin

heme-containing globular protein that is a constituent of hemoglobin

globulins

heterogeneous group of plasma proteins that includes transport proteins, clotting factors, immune proteins, and others

granular leukocytes

leukocytes with abundant granules in their cytoplasm; specifically, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

hematocrit

(also, packed cell volume) volume percentage of erythrocytes in a sample of centrifuged blood

hematopoietic stem cell

type of pluripotent stem cell that gives rise to the formed elements of blood (hemocytoblast)

heme

red, iron-containing pigment to which oxygen binds in hemoglobin

hemocytoblast

hematopoietic stem cell that gives rise to the formed elements of blood

hemoglobin

oxygen-carrying compound in erythrocytes

hemolysis

destruction (lysis) of erythrocytes and the release of their hemoglobin into circulation

hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)

(also, erythroblastosis fetalis) disorder causing agglutination and hemolysis in an Rh+ fetus or newborn of an Rh− person

hemophilia

genetic disorder characterized by inadequate synthesis of clotting factors

hemopoiesis

production of the formed elements of blood

hemopoietic growth factors

chemical signals including erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, colony-stimulating factors, and interleukins that regulate the differentiation and proliferation of particular blood progenitor cells

hemorrhage

excessive bleeding

hemosiderin

protein-containing storage form of iron found in the bone marrow, liver, and spleen

hemostasis

physiological process by which bleeding ceases

heparin

short-acting anticoagulant stored in mast cells and released when tissues are injured, opposes prothrombin

hypoxemia

below-normal level of oxygen saturation of blood (typically <95 percent)

immunoglobulins

(also, antibodies or gamma globulins) antigen-specific proteins produced by specialized B lymphocytes that protect the body by binding to foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses

interleukins

signaling molecules that may function in hemopoiesis, inflammation, and specific immune responses

intrinsic pathway

initial coagulation pathway that begins with vascular damage or contact with foreign substances, and results in the activation of the common pathway

jaundice

yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes due to excess bilirubin in the blood

leukemia

cancer involving leukocytes

leukocyte

(also, white blood cell) colorless, nucleated blood cell, the chief function of which is to protect the body from disease

leukocytosis

excessive leukocyte proliferation

leukopenia

below-normal production of leukocytes

lymphocytes

agranular leukocytes of the lymphoid stem cell line, many of which function in specific immunity

lymphoid stem cells

type of hematopoietic stem cells that gives rise to lymphocytes, including various T cells, B cells, and NK cells, all of which function in immunity

lymphoma

form of cancer in which masses of malignant T and/or B lymphocytes collect in lymph nodes, the spleen, the liver, and other tissues

lysozyme

digestive enzyme with bactericidal properties